from __future__ import absolute_import, division, print_function, unicode_literals

from binascii import hexlify, unhexlify
from os import urandom

import six

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError


def hex_validator(length=0):
    """
    Returns a function to be used as a model validator for a hex-encoded
    CharField. This is useful for secret keys of all kinds::

        def key_validator(value):
            return hex_validator(20)(value)

        key = models.CharField(max_length=40, validators=[key_validator], help_text=u'A hex-encoded 20-byte secret key')

    :param int length: If greater than 0, validation will fail unless the
        decoded value is exactly this number of bytes.

    :rtype: function

    >>> hex_validator()('0123456789abcdef')
    >>> hex_validator(8)(b'0123456789abcdef')
    >>> hex_validator()('phlebotinum')          # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
    Traceback (most recent call last):
        ...
    ValidationError: ['phlebotinum is not valid hex-encoded data.']
    >>> hex_validator(9)('0123456789abcdef')    # doctest: +IGNORE_EXCEPTION_DETAIL
    Traceback (most recent call last):
        ...
    ValidationError: ['0123456789abcdef does not represent exactly 9 bytes.']
    """
    def _validator(value):
        try:
            if isinstance(value, six.text_type):
                value = value.encode()

            unhexlify(value)
        except Exception:
            raise ValidationError('{0} is not valid hex-encoded data.'.format(value))

        if (length > 0) and (len(value) != length * 2):
            raise ValidationError('{0} does not represent exactly {1} bytes.'.format(value, length))

    return _validator


def random_hex(length=20):
    """
    Returns a string of random bytes encoded as hex. This uses
    :func:`os.urandom`, so it should be suitable for generating cryptographic
    keys.

    :param int length: The number of (decoded) bytes to return.

    :returns: A string of hex digits.
    :rtype: bytes

    """
    return hexlify(urandom(length))