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steminc
steminc / matplotlib python
Repository URL to install this package:
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Version:
1.1.0 ▾
|
#!/usr/bin/python
# axes3d.py, original mplot3d version by John Porter
# Created: 23 Sep 2005
# Parts fixed by Reinier Heeres <reinier@heeres.eu>
# Minor additions by Ben Axelrod <baxelrod@coroware.com>
# Significant updates and revisions by Ben Root <ben.v.root@gmail.com>
"""
Module containing Axes3D, an object which can plot 3D objects on a
2D matplotlib figure.
"""
import warnings
import matplotlib.axes as maxes
from matplotlib.axes import Axes, rcParams
from matplotlib import cbook
import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
from matplotlib.transforms import Bbox
import matplotlib.collections as mcoll
from matplotlib import docstring
import matplotlib.scale as mscale
import numpy as np
from matplotlib.colors import Normalize, colorConverter, LightSource
import art3d
import proj3d
import axis3d
def unit_bbox():
box = Bbox(np.array([[0, 0], [1, 1]]))
return box
class Axes3D(Axes):
"""
3D axes object.
"""
name = '3d'
def __init__(self, fig, rect=None, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Build an :class:`Axes3D` instance in
:class:`~matplotlib.figure.Figure` *fig* with
*rect=[left, bottom, width, height]* in
:class:`~matplotlib.figure.Figure` coordinates
Optional keyword arguments:
================ =========================================
Keyword Description
================ =========================================
*azim* Azimuthal viewing angle (default -60)
*elev* Elevation viewing angle (default 30)
*zscale* [%(scale)s]
================ =========================================
''' % {'scale': ' | '.join([repr(x) for x in mscale.get_scale_names()])}
if rect is None:
rect = [0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0]
self._cids = []
# TODO: Support z-axis sharing
self.initial_azim = kwargs.pop('azim', -60)
self.initial_elev = kwargs.pop('elev', 30)
zscale = kwargs.pop('zscale', None)
self.xy_viewLim = unit_bbox()
self.zz_viewLim = unit_bbox()
self.xy_dataLim = unit_bbox()
self.zz_dataLim = unit_bbox()
# inihibit autoscale_view until the axes are defined
# they can't be defined until Axes.__init__ has been called
self.view_init(self.initial_elev, self.initial_azim)
self._ready = 0
Axes.__init__(self, fig, rect,
frameon=True,
*args, **kwargs)
# Disable drawing of axes by base class
Axes.set_axis_off(self)
# Enable drawing of axes by Axes3D class
self.set_axis_on()
self.M = None
# func used to format z -- fall back on major formatters
self.fmt_zdata = None
if zscale is not None :
self.set_zscale(zscale)
if self.zaxis is not None :
self._zcid = self.zaxis.callbacks.connect('units finalize',
self.relim)
else :
self._zcid = None
self._ready = 1
self.mouse_init()
self.set_top_view()
self.axesPatch.set_linewidth(0)
# Calculate the pseudo-data width and height
pseudo_bbox = self.transLimits.inverted().transform([(0, 0), (1, 1)])
self._pseudo_w, self._pseudo_h = pseudo_bbox[1] - pseudo_bbox[0]
self.figure.add_axes(self)
def set_axis_off(self):
self._axis3don = False
def set_axis_on(self):
self._axis3don = True
def set_top_view(self):
# this happens to be the right view for the viewing coordinates
# moved up and to the left slightly to fit labels and axes
xdwl = (0.95/self.dist)
xdw = (0.9/self.dist)
ydwl = (0.95/self.dist)
ydw = (0.9/self.dist)
Axes.set_xlim(self, -xdwl, xdw, auto=None)
Axes.set_ylim(self, -ydwl, ydw, auto=None)
def _init_axis(self):
'''Init 3D axes; overrides creation of regular X/Y axes'''
self.w_xaxis = axis3d.XAxis('x', self.xy_viewLim.intervalx,
self.xy_dataLim.intervalx, self)
self.xaxis = self.w_xaxis
self.w_yaxis = axis3d.YAxis('y', self.xy_viewLim.intervaly,
self.xy_dataLim.intervaly, self)
self.yaxis = self.w_yaxis
self.w_zaxis = axis3d.ZAxis('z', self.zz_viewLim.intervalx,
self.zz_dataLim.intervalx, self)
self.zaxis = self.w_zaxis
for ax in self.xaxis, self.yaxis, self.zaxis:
ax.init3d()
def get_children(self):
return [self.zaxis,] + Axes.get_children(self)
def unit_cube(self, vals=None):
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = vals or self.get_w_lims()
xs, ys, zs = ([minx, maxx, maxx, minx, minx, maxx, maxx, minx],
[miny, miny, maxy, maxy, miny, miny, maxy, maxy],
[minz, minz, minz, minz, maxz, maxz, maxz, maxz])
return zip(xs, ys, zs)
def tunit_cube(self, vals=None, M=None):
if M is None:
M = self.M
xyzs = self.unit_cube(vals)
tcube = proj3d.proj_points(xyzs, M)
return tcube
def tunit_edges(self, vals=None, M=None):
tc = self.tunit_cube(vals, M)
edges = [(tc[0], tc[1]),
(tc[1], tc[2]),
(tc[2], tc[3]),
(tc[3], tc[0]),
(tc[0], tc[4]),
(tc[1], tc[5]),
(tc[2], tc[6]),
(tc[3], tc[7]),
(tc[4], tc[5]),
(tc[5], tc[6]),
(tc[6], tc[7]),
(tc[7], tc[4])]
return edges
def draw(self, renderer):
# draw the background patch
self.axesPatch.draw(renderer)
self._frameon = False
# add the projection matrix to the renderer
self.M = self.get_proj()
renderer.M = self.M
renderer.vvec = self.vvec
renderer.eye = self.eye
renderer.get_axis_position = self.get_axis_position
# Calculate projection of collections and zorder them
zlist = [(col.do_3d_projection(renderer), col) \
for col in self.collections]
zlist.sort()
zlist.reverse()
for i, (z, col) in enumerate(zlist):
col.zorder = i
# Calculate projection of patches and zorder them
zlist = [(patch.do_3d_projection(renderer), patch) \
for patch in self.patches]
zlist.sort()
zlist.reverse()
for i, (z, patch) in enumerate(zlist):
patch.zorder = i
if self._axis3don:
axes = (self.xaxis, self.yaxis, self.zaxis)
# Draw panes first
for ax in axes:
ax.draw_pane(renderer)
# Then axes
for ax in axes:
ax.draw(renderer)
# Then rest
Axes.draw(self, renderer)
def get_axis_position(self):
vals = self.get_w_lims()
tc = self.tunit_cube(vals, self.M)
xhigh = tc[1][2] > tc[2][2]
yhigh = tc[3][2] > tc[2][2]
zhigh = tc[0][2] > tc[2][2]
return xhigh, yhigh, zhigh
def update_datalim(self, xys, **kwargs):
pass
def get_autoscale_on(self) :
"""
Get whether autoscaling is applied for all axes on plot commands
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
return Axes.get_autoscale_on(self) and self.get_autoscalez_on()
def get_autoscalez_on(self) :
"""
Get whether autoscaling for the z-axis is applied on plot commands
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
return self._autoscaleZon
def set_autoscale_on(self, b) :
"""
Set whether autoscaling is applied on plot commands
accepts: [ *True* | *False* ]
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
Axes.set_autoscale_on(self, b)
self.set_autoscalez_on(self, b)
def set_autoscalez_on(self, b) :
"""
Set whether autoscaling for the z-axis is applied on plot commands
accepts: [ *True* | *False* ]
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
self._autoscalez_on = b
def set_zmargin(self, m) :
"""
Set padding of Z data limits prior to autoscaling.
*m* times the data interval will be added to each
end of that interval before it is used in autoscaling.
accepts: float in range 0 to 1
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
if m < 0 or m > 1 :
raise ValueError("margin must be in range 0 to 1")
self._zmargin = m
def margins(self, *args, **kw) :
"""
Convenience method to set or retrieve autoscaling margins.
signatures::
margins()
returns xmargin, ymargin, zmargin
::
margins(margin)
margins(xmargin, ymargin, zmargin)
margins(x=xmargin, y=ymargin, z=zmargin)
margins(..., tight=False)
All forms above set the xmargin, ymargin and zmargin
parameters. All keyword parameters are optional. A single argument
specifies xmargin, ymargin and zmargin. The *tight* parameter
is passed to :meth:`autoscale_view`, which is executed after
a margin is changed; the default here is *True*, on the
assumption that when margins are specified, no additional
padding to match tick marks is usually desired. Setting
*tight* to *None* will preserve the previous setting.
Specifying any margin changes only the autoscaling; for example,
if *xmargin* is not None, then *xmargin* times the X data
interval will be added to each end of that interval before
it is used in autoscaling.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
if not args and not kw:
return self._xmargin, self._ymargin, self._zmargin
tight = kw.pop('tight', True)
mx = kw.pop('x', None)
my = kw.pop('y', None)
mz = kw.pop('z', None)
if len(args) == 1:
mx = my = mz = args[0]
elif len(args) == 2:
# Maybe put out a warning because mz is not set?
mx, my = args
elif len(args) == 3:
mx, my, mz = args
else:
raise ValueError("more than three arguments were supplied")
if mx is not None:
self.set_xmargin(mx)
if my is not None:
self.set_ymargin(my)
if mz is not None:
self.set_zmargin(mz)
scalex = (mx is not None)
scaley = (my is not None)
scalez = (mz is not None)
self.autoscale_view(tight=tight, scalex=scalex, scaley=scaley,
scalez=scalez)
def autoscale(self, enable=True, axis='both', tight=None) :
"""
Convenience method for simple axis view autoscaling.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.autoscale` for full explanation.
Note that this function behaves the same, but for all
three axes. Therfore, 'z' can be passed for *axis*,
and 'both' applies to all three axes.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
if enable is None:
scalex = True
scaley = True
scalez = True
else:
scalex = False
scaley = False
scalez = False
if axis in ['x', 'both']:
self._autoscaleXon = bool(enable)
scalex = self._autoscaleXon
if axis in ['y', 'both']:
self._autoscaleYon = bool(enable)
scaley = self._autoscaleYon
if axis in ['z', 'both']:
self._autoscaleZon = bool(enable)
scalez = self._autoscaleZon
self.autoscale_view(tight=tight, scalex=scalex, scaley=scaley,
scalez=scalez)
def auto_scale_xyz(self, X, Y, Z=None, had_data=None):
x, y, z = map(np.asarray, (X, Y, Z))
try:
x, y = x.flatten(), y.flatten()
if Z is not None:
z = z.flatten()
except AttributeError:
raise
# This updates the bounding boxes as to keep a record as
# to what the minimum sized rectangular volume holds the
# data.
self.xy_dataLim.update_from_data_xy(np.array([x, y]).T, not had_data)
if z is not None:
self.zz_dataLim.update_from_data_xy(np.array([z, z]).T, not had_data)
# Let autoscale_view figure out how to use this data.
self.autoscale_view()
def autoscale_view(self, tight=None, scalex=True, scaley=True,
scalez=True) :
"""
Autoscale the view limits using the data limits.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.autoscale_view` for documentation.
Note that this function applies to the 3D axes, and as such
adds the *scalez* to the function arguments.
.. versionchanged :: 1.1.0
Function signature was changed to better match the 2D version.
*tight* is now explicitly a kwarg and placed first. However,
it currently does not do anything.
"""
self.set_top_view()
if not self._ready:
return
# TODO: This is nearly the equivalent code from the 2D
# version, but it doesn't seem to work correctly.
# Therefore, we are currently staying with the
# same old behavior.
"""
# This method looks at the rectangular volume (see above)
# of data and decides how to scale the view portal to fit it.
if tight is None:
# if image data only just use the datalim
_tight = self._tight or (len(self.images)>0 and
len(self.lines)==0 and
len(self.patches)==0)
else:
_tight = self._tight = bool(tight)
Axes.autoscale_view(self, tight=_tight, scalex=scalex, scaley=scaley)
if scalez and self._autoscaleZon:
# TODO: mplot3d does not support the sharing of Z axis.
#zshared = self._shared_z_axes.get_siblings(self)
#dl = [ax.dataLim for ax in zshared]
#bb = mtransforms.BboxBase.union(dl)
z0, z1 = self.zz_dataLim.intervalx
zlocator = self.zaxis.get_major_locator()
try:
z0, z1 = zlocator.nonsingular(z0, z1)
except AttributeError:
z0, z1 = mtransforms.nonsingular(z0, z1, increasing=False,
expander=0.05)
if self._zmargin > 0:
delta = (z1 - z0) * self._zmargin
z0 -= delta
z1 += delta
if not _tight:
z0, z1 = zlocator.view_limits(z0, z1)
self.set_zbound(z0, z1)
"""
# Previous version's code
if not self.get_autoscale_on():
return
if scalex:
self.set_xlim3d(self.xy_dataLim.intervalx)
if scaley:
self.set_ylim3d(self.xy_dataLim.intervaly)
if scalez:
self.set_zlim3d(self.zz_dataLim.intervalx)
def get_w_lims(self):
'''Get 3D world limits.'''
minx, maxx = self.get_xlim3d()
miny, maxy = self.get_ylim3d()
minz, maxz = self.get_zlim3d()
return minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz
def _determine_lims(self, xmin=None, xmax=None, *args, **kwargs):
if xmax is None and cbook.iterable(xmin):
xmin, xmax = xmin
if xmin == xmax:
xmin -= 0.05
xmax += 0.05
return (xmin, xmax)
def set_xlim3d(self, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Set 3D x limits.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim` for full documentation.
'''
# TODO: Add compatibility for 'left' and 'right'
# TODO: support 'emit' and 'auto'
lims = self._determine_lims(*args, **kwargs)
self.xy_viewLim.intervalx = lims
return lims
set_xlim = set_xlim3d
def set_ylim3d(self, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Set 3D y limits.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim` for full documentation.
'''
# TODO: Add compatibility for 'top' and 'bottom'
# TODO: support 'emit' and 'auto'
lims = self._determine_lims(*args, **kwargs)
self.xy_viewLim.intervaly = lims
return lims
set_ylim = set_ylim3d
def set_zlim3d(self, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Set 3D z limits.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim` for full documentation.
'''
# TODO: Add compatibility for 'top' and 'bottom'
# TODO: support 'emit' and 'auto'
lims = self._determine_lims(*args, **kwargs)
self.zz_viewLim.intervalx = lims
return lims
set_zlim = set_zlim3d
def get_xlim3d(self):
return self.xy_viewLim.intervalx
get_xlim3d.__doc__ = maxes.Axes.get_xlim.__doc__
get_xlim = get_xlim3d
get_xlim.__doc__ += """
.. versionchanged :: 1.1.0
This function now correctly refers to the 3D x-limits
"""
def get_ylim3d(self):
return self.xy_viewLim.intervaly
get_ylim3d.__doc__ = maxes.Axes.get_ylim.__doc__
get_ylim = get_ylim3d
get_ylim.__doc__ += """
.. versionchanged :: 1.1.0
This function now correctly refers to the 3D y-limits.
"""
def get_zlim3d(self):
'''Get 3D z limits.'''
return self.zz_viewLim.intervalx
get_zlim = get_zlim3d
def get_zscale(self) :
"""
Return the zaxis scale string %s
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
""" % (", ".join(mscale.get_scale_names()))
return self.zaxis.get_scale()
# We need to slightly redefine these to pass scalez=False
# to their calls of autoscale_view.
def set_xscale(self, value, **kwargs) :
self.xaxis.set_scale(value, **kwargs)
self.autoscale_view(scaley=False, scalez=False)
self._update_transScale()
set_xscale.__doc__ = maxes.Axes.set_xscale.__doc__ + """
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
def set_yscale(self, value, **kwargs) :
self.yaxis.set_scale(value, **kwargs)
self.autoscale_view(scalex=False, scalez=False)
self._update_transScale()
set_yscale.__doc__ = maxes.Axes.set_yscale.__doc__ + """
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
@docstring.dedent_interpd
def set_zscale(self, value, **kwargs) :
"""
call signature::
set_zscale(value)
Set the scaling of the z-axis: %(scale)s
ACCEPTS: [%(scale)s]
Different kwargs are accepted, depending on the scale:
%(scale_docs)s
.. note ::
Currently, Axes3D objects only supports linear scales.
Other scales may or may not work, and support for these
is improving with each release.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
self.zaxis.set_scale(value, **kwargs)
self.autoscale_view(scalex=False, scaley=False)
self._update_transScale()
def set_zticks(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Set z-axis tick locations.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticks` for more details.
.. note::
Minor ticks are not supported.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
"""
return self.zaxis.set_ticks(*args, **kwargs)
def get_zticks(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Get the z-axis tick objects.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.get_yticks` for more details.
.. note::
Minor ticks are not supported.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
"""
return self.zaxis.get_ticks(*args, **kwargs)
def get_zmajorticklabels(self) :
"""
Get the ztick labels as a list of Text instances
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
"""
return cbook.silent_list('Text zticklabel',
self.zaxis.get_majorticklabels())
def get_zminorticklabels(self) :
"""
Get the ztick labels as a list of Text instances
.. note::
Minor ticks are not supported. This function was added
only for completeness.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
"""
return cbook.silent_list('Text zticklabel',
self.zaxis.get_minorticklabels())
def set_zticklabels(self, *args, **kwargs) :
"""
Set z-axis tick labels.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_yticklabels` for more details.
.. note::
Minor ticks are not supported by Axes3D objects.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
"""
return self.zaxis.set_ticklabels(*args, **kwargs)
def get_zticklabels(self, minor=False) :
"""
Get ztick labels as a list of Text instances.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.get_yticklabels` for more details.
.. note::
Minor ticks are not supported.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
"""
return cbook.silent_list('Text zticklabel',
self.zaxis.get_ticklabels(minor=minor))
def zaxis_date(self, tz=None) :
"""
Sets up z-axis ticks and labels that treat the z data as dates.
*tz* is a timezone string or :class:`tzinfo` instance.
Defaults to rc value.
.. note::
This function is merely provided for completeness.
Axes3D objects do not officially support dates for ticks,
and so this may or may not work as expected.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
self.zaxis.axis_date(tz)
def get_zticklines(self) :
"""
Get ztick lines as a list of Line2D instances.
Note that this function is provided merely for completeness.
These lines are re-calculated as the display changes.
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
"""
return self.zaxis.get_ticklines()
def clabel(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""
This function is currently not implemented for 3D axes.
Returns *None*.
"""
return None
def view_init(self, elev=None, azim=None):
"""
Set the elevation and azimuth of the axes.
This can be used to rotate the axes programatically.
'elev' stores the elevation angle in the z plane.
'azim' stores the azimuth angle in the x,y plane.
if elev or azim are None (default), then the initial value
is used which was specified in the :class:`Axes3D` constructor.
"""
self.dist = 10
if elev is None:
self.elev = self.initial_elev
else:
self.elev = elev
if azim is None:
self.azim = self.initial_azim
else:
self.azim = azim
def get_proj(self):
"""
Create the projection matrix from the current viewing position.
elev stores the elevation angle in the z plane
azim stores the azimuth angle in the x,y plane
dist is the distance of the eye viewing point from the object
point.
"""
relev, razim = np.pi * self.elev/180, np.pi * self.azim/180
xmin, xmax = self.get_xlim3d()
ymin, ymax = self.get_ylim3d()
zmin, zmax = self.get_zlim3d()
# transform to uniform world coordinates 0-1.0,0-1.0,0-1.0
worldM = proj3d.world_transformation(xmin, xmax,
ymin, ymax,
zmin, zmax)
# look into the middle of the new coordinates
R = np.array([0.5, 0.5, 0.5])
xp = R[0] + np.cos(razim) * np.cos(relev) * self.dist
yp = R[1] + np.sin(razim) * np.cos(relev) * self.dist
zp = R[2] + np.sin(relev) * self.dist
E = np.array((xp, yp, zp))
self.eye = E
self.vvec = R - E
self.vvec = self.vvec / proj3d.mod(self.vvec)
if abs(relev) > np.pi/2:
# upside down
V = np.array((0, 0, -1))
else:
V = np.array((0, 0, 1))
zfront, zback = -self.dist, self.dist
viewM = proj3d.view_transformation(E, R, V)
perspM = proj3d.persp_transformation(zfront, zback)
M0 = np.dot(viewM, worldM)
M = np.dot(perspM, M0)
return M
def mouse_init(self, rotate_btn=1, zoom_btn=3):
"""Initializes mouse button callbacks to enable 3D rotation of
the axes. Also optionally sets the mouse buttons for 3D rotation
and zooming.
============ =======================================================
Argument Description
============ =======================================================
*rotate_btn* The integer or list of integers specifying which mouse
button or buttons to use for 3D rotation of the axes.
Default = 1.
*zoom_btn* The integer or list of integers specifying which mouse
button or buttons to use to zoom the 3D axes.
Default = 3.
============ =======================================================
"""
self.button_pressed = None
canv = self.figure.canvas
if canv is not None:
c1 = canv.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self._on_move)
c2 = canv.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self._button_press)
c3 = canv.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self._button_release)
self._cids = [c1, c2, c3]
else:
warnings.warn('Axes3D.figure.canvas is \'None\', mouse rotation disabled. Set canvas then call Axes3D.mouse_init().')
self._rotate_btn = np.atleast_1d(rotate_btn)
self._zoom_btn = np.atleast_1d(zoom_btn)
def can_zoom(self) :
"""
Return *True* if this axes supports the zoom box button functionality.
3D axes objects do not use the zoom box button.
"""
return False
def can_pan(self) :
"""
Return *True* if this axes supports the pan/zoom button functionality.
3D axes objects do not use the pan/zoom button.
"""
return False
def cla(self):
"""Clear axes and disable mouse button callbacks.
"""
self.disable_mouse_rotation()
self.zaxis.cla()
# TODO: Support sharez
self._sharez = None
if self._sharez is not None:
self.zaxis.major = self._sharez.zaxis.major
self.zaxis.minor = self._sharez.zaxis.minor
z0, z1 = self._sharez.get_zlim()
self.set_zlim(z0, z1, emit=False, auto=None)
self.zaxis.set_scale(self._sharez.zaxis.get_scale())
else:
self.zaxis.set_scale('linear')
self._autoscaleZon = True
self._zmargin = 0
Axes.cla(self)
self.grid(rcParams['axes3d.grid'])
def disable_mouse_rotation(self):
"""Disable mouse button callbacks.
"""
# Disconnect the various events we set.
for cid in self._cids:
self.figure.canvas.mpl_disconnect(cid)
self._cids = []
def _button_press(self, event):
if event.inaxes == self:
self.button_pressed = event.button
self.sx, self.sy = event.xdata, event.ydata
def _button_release(self, event):
self.button_pressed = None
def format_zdata(self, z):
"""
Return *z* string formatted. This function will use the
:attr:`fmt_zdata` attribute if it is callable, else will fall
back on the zaxis major formatter
"""
try: return self.fmt_zdata(z)
except (AttributeError, TypeError):
func = self.zaxis.get_major_formatter().format_data_short
val = func(z)
return val
def format_coord(self, xd, yd):
"""
Given the 2D view coordinates attempt to guess a 3D coordinate.
Looks for the nearest edge to the point and then assumes that
the point is at the same z location as the nearest point on the edge.
"""
if self.M is None:
return ''
if self.button_pressed in self._rotate_btn:
return 'azimuth=%d deg, elevation=%d deg ' % (self.azim, self.elev)
# ignore xd and yd and display angles instead
p = (xd, yd)
edges = self.tunit_edges()
#lines = [proj3d.line2d(p0,p1) for (p0,p1) in edges]
ldists = [(proj3d.line2d_seg_dist(p0, p1, p), i) for \
i, (p0, p1) in enumerate(edges)]
ldists.sort()
# nearest edge
edgei = ldists[0][1]
p0, p1 = edges[edgei]
# scale the z value to match
x0, y0, z0 = p0
x1, y1, z1 = p1
d0 = np.hypot(x0-xd, y0-yd)
d1 = np.hypot(x1-xd, y1-yd)
dt = d0+d1
z = d1/dt * z0 + d0/dt * z1
x, y, z = proj3d.inv_transform(xd, yd, z, self.M)
xs = self.format_xdata(x)
ys = self.format_ydata(y)
zs = self.format_zdata(z)
return 'x=%s, y=%s, z=%s' % (xs, ys, zs)
def _on_move(self, event):
"""Mouse moving
button-1 rotates by default. Can be set explicitly in mouse_init().
button-3 zooms by default. Can be set explicitly in mouse_init().
"""
if not self.button_pressed:
return
if self.M is None:
return
x, y = event.xdata, event.ydata
# In case the mouse is out of bounds.
if x is None:
return
dx, dy = x - self.sx, y - self.sy
w = self._pseudo_w
h = self._pseudo_h
self.sx, self.sy = x, y
# Rotation
if self.button_pressed in self._rotate_btn:
# rotate viewing point
# get the x and y pixel coords
if dx == 0 and dy == 0:
return
self.elev = art3d.norm_angle(self.elev - (dy/h)*180)
self.azim = art3d.norm_angle(self.azim - (dx/w)*180)
self.get_proj()
self.figure.canvas.draw()
# elif self.button_pressed == 2:
# pan view
# project xv,yv,zv -> xw,yw,zw
# pan
# pass
# Zoom
elif self.button_pressed in self._zoom_btn:
# zoom view
# hmmm..this needs some help from clipping....
minx, maxx, miny, maxy, minz, maxz = self.get_w_lims()
df = 1-((h - dy)/h)
dx = (maxx-minx)*df
dy = (maxy-miny)*df
dz = (maxz-minz)*df
self.set_xlim3d(minx - dx, maxx + dx)
self.set_ylim3d(miny - dy, maxy + dy)
self.set_zlim3d(minz - dz, maxz + dz)
self.get_proj()
self.figure.canvas.draw()
def set_zlabel(self, zlabel, fontdict=None, labelpad=None, **kwargs):
'''
Set zlabel. See doc for :meth:`set_ylabel` for description.
.. note::
Currently, *labelpad* does not have an effect on the labels.
'''
# FIXME: With a rework of axis3d.py, the labelpad should work again
# At that point, remove the above message in the docs.
if labelpad is not None : self.zaxis.labelpad = labelpad
return self.zaxis.set_label_text(zlabel, fontdict, **kwargs)
def get_zlabel(self) :
"""
Get the z-label text string.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
label = self.zaxis.get_label()
return label.get_text()
#### Axes rectangle characteristics
def get_frame_on(self):
"""
Get whether the 3D axes panels are drawn
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
"""
return self._frameon
def set_frame_on(self, b):
"""
Set whether the 3D axes panels are drawn
ACCEPTS: [ *True* | *False* ]
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
"""
self._frameon = bool(b)
def get_axisbelow(self):
"""
Get whether axis below is true or not.
For axes3d objects, this will always be *True*
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added for completeness.
"""
return True
def set_axisbelow(self, b):
"""
Set whether the axis ticks and gridlines are above or below
most artists
For axes3d objects, this will ignore any settings and just use *True*
ACCEPTS: [ *True* | *False* ]
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added for completeness.
"""
self._axisbelow = True
def grid(self, b=True, **kwargs):
'''
Set / unset 3D grid.
.. note::
Currently, this function does not behave the same as
:meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.grid`, but it is intended to
eventually support that behavior.
.. versionchanged :: 1.1.0
This function was changed, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
'''
# TODO: Operate on each axes separately
if len(kwargs) :
b = True
self._draw_grid = maxes._string_to_bool(b)
def ticklabel_format(self, **kwargs) :
"""
Convenience method for manipulating the ScalarFormatter
used by default for linear axes in Axed3D objects.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.ticklabel_format` for full
documentation. Note that this version applies to all three
axes of the Axes3D object. Therefore, the *axis* argument
will also accept a value of 'z' and the value of 'both' will
apply to all three axes.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
style = kwargs.pop('style', '').lower()
scilimits = kwargs.pop('scilimits', None)
useOffset = kwargs.pop('useOffset', None)
axis = kwargs.pop('axis', 'both').lower()
if scilimits is not None:
try:
m, n = scilimits
m+n+1 # check that both are numbers
except (ValueError, TypeError):
raise ValueError("scilimits must be a sequence of 2 integers")
if style[:3] == 'sci':
sb = True
elif style in ['plain', 'comma']:
sb = False
if style == 'plain':
cb = False
else:
cb = True
raise NotImplementedError, "comma style remains to be added"
elif style == '':
sb = None
else:
raise ValueError, "%s is not a valid style value"
try:
if sb is not None:
if axis in ['both', 'z']:
self.xaxis.major.formatter.set_scientific(sb)
if axis in ['both', 'y']:
self.yaxis.major.formatter.set_scientific(sb)
if axis in ['both', 'z'] :
self.zaxis.major.formatter.set_scientific(sb)
if scilimits is not None:
if axis in ['both', 'x']:
self.xaxis.major.formatter.set_powerlimits(scilimits)
if axis in ['both', 'y']:
self.yaxis.major.formatter.set_powerlimits(scilimits)
if axis in ['both', 'z']:
self.zaxis.major.formatter.set_powerlimits(scilimits)
if useOffset is not None:
if axis in ['both', 'x']:
self.xaxis.major.formatter.set_useOffset(useOffset)
if axis in ['both', 'y']:
self.yaxis.major.formatter.set_useOffset(useOffset)
if axis in ['both', 'z']:
self.zaxis.major.formatter.set_useOffset(useOffset)
except AttributeError:
raise AttributeError(
"This method only works with the ScalarFormatter.")
def locator_params(self, axis='both', tight=None, **kwargs) :
"""
Convenience method for controlling tick locators.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.locator_params` for full
documentation Note that this is for Axes3D objects,
therefore, setting *axis* to 'both' will result in the
parameters being set for all three axes. Also, *axis*
can also take a value of 'z' to apply parameters to the
z axis.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
_x = axis in ['x', 'both']
_y = axis in ['y', 'both']
_z = axis in ['z', 'both']
if _x:
self.xaxis.get_major_locator().set_params(**kwargs)
if _y:
self.yaxis.get_major_locator().set_params(**kwargs)
if _z:
self.zaxis.get_major_locator().set_params(**kwargs)
self.autoscale_view(tight=tight, scalex=_x, scaley=_y, scalez=_z)
def tick_params(self, axis='both', **kwargs) :
"""
Convenience method for changing the appearance of ticks and
tick labels.
See :meth:`matplotlib.axes.Axes.tick_params` for more complete
documentation.
The only difference is that setting *axis* to 'both' will
mean that the settings are applied to all three axes. Also,
the *axis* parameter also accepts a value of 'z', which
would mean to apply to only the z-axis.
Also, because of how Axes3D objects are drawn very differently
from regular 2D axes, some of these settings may have
ambiguous meaning. For simplicity, the 'z' axis will
accept settings as if it was like the 'y' axis.
.. note::
While this function is currently implemented, the core part
of the Axes3D object may ignore some of these settings.
Future releases will fix this. Priority will be given to
those who file bugs.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
Axes.tick_params(self, axis, **kwargs)
if axis in ['z', 'both'] :
zkw = dict(kwargs)
zkw.pop('top', None)
zkw.pop('bottom', None)
zkw.pop('labeltop', None)
zkw.pop('labelbottom', None)
self.zaxis.set_tick_params(**zkw)
### data limits, ticks, tick labels, and formatting
def invert_zaxis(self):
"""
Invert the z-axis.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
bottom, top = self.get_zlim()
self.set_zlim(top, bottom)
def zaxis_inverted(self):
'''
Returns True if the z-axis is inverted.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
'''
bottom, top = self.get_zlim()
return top < bottom
def get_zbound(self):
"""
Returns the z-axis numerical bounds where::
lowerBound < upperBound
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
bottom, top = self.get_zlim()
if bottom < top:
return bottom, top
else:
return top, bottom
def set_zbound(self, lower=None, upper=None):
"""
Set the lower and upper numerical bounds of the z-axis.
This method will honor axes inversion regardless of parameter order.
It will not change the :attr:`_autoscaleZon` attribute.
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
This function was added, but not tested. Please report any bugs.
"""
if upper is None and iterable(lower):
lower,upper = lower
old_lower,old_upper = self.get_zbound()
if lower is None: lower = old_lower
if upper is None: upper = old_upper
if self.zaxis_inverted():
if lower < upper:
self.set_zlim(upper, lower, auto=None)
else:
self.set_zlim(lower, upper, auto=None)
else :
if lower < upper:
self.set_zlim(lower, upper, auto=None)
else :
self.set_zlim(upper, lower, auto=None)
def text(self, x, y, z, s, zdir=None, **kwargs):
'''
Add text to the plot. kwargs will be passed on to Axes.text,
except for the `zdir` keyword, which sets the direction to be
used as the z direction.
'''
text = Axes.text(self, x, y, s, **kwargs)
art3d.text_2d_to_3d(text, z, zdir)
return text
text3D = text
text2D = Axes.text
def plot(self, xs, ys, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Plot 2D or 3D data.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*xs*, *ys* X, y coordinates of vertices
*zs* z value(s), either one for all points or one for
each point.
*zdir* Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z')
when plotting a 2D set.
========== ================================================
Other arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.plot`
'''
# FIXME: This argument parsing might be better handled
# when we set later versions of python for
# minimum requirements. Currently at 2.4.
# Note that some of the reason for the current difficulty
# is caused by the fact that we want to insert a new
# (semi-optional) positional argument 'Z' right before
# many other traditional positional arguments occur
# such as the color, linestyle and/or marker.
had_data = self.has_data()
zs = kwargs.pop('zs', 0)
zdir = kwargs.pop('zdir', 'z')
argsi = 0
# First argument is array of zs
if len(args) > 0 and cbook.iterable(args[0]) and \
len(xs) == len(args[0]) :
# So, we know that it is an array with
# first dimension the same as xs.
# Next, check to see if the data contained
# therein (if any) is scalar (and not another array).
if len(args[0]) == 0 or cbook.is_scalar(args[0][0]) :
zs = args[argsi]
argsi += 1
# First argument is z value
elif len(args) > 0 and cbook.is_scalar(args[0]):
zs = args[argsi]
argsi += 1
# Match length
if not cbook.iterable(zs):
zs = np.ones(len(xs)) * zs
lines = Axes.plot(self, xs, ys, *args[argsi:], **kwargs)
for line in lines:
art3d.line_2d_to_3d(line, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
self.auto_scale_xyz(xs, ys, zs, had_data)
return lines
plot3D = plot
def plot_surface(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a surface plot.
By default it will be colored in shades of a solid color,
but it also supports color mapping by supplying the *cmap*
argument.
============= ================================================
Argument Description
============= ================================================
*X*, *Y*, *Z* Data values as 2D arrays
*rstride* Array row stride (step size)
*cstride* Array column stride (step size)
*color* Color of the surface patches
*cmap* A colormap for the surface patches.
*facecolors* Face colors for the individual patches
*norm* An instance of Normalize to map values to colors
*vmin* Minimum value to map
*vmax* Maximum value to map
*shade* Whether to shade the facecolors
============= ================================================
Other arguments are passed on to
:class:`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Poly3DCollection`
'''
had_data = self.has_data()
Z = np.atleast_2d(Z)
rows, cols = Z.shape
# TODO: Support masked arrays
X = np.asarray(X)
Y = np.asarray(Y)
# Force X and Y to take the same shape.
# If they can not be fitted to that shape,
# then an exception is automatically thrown.
X.shape = (rows, cols)
Y.shape = (rows, cols)
rstride = kwargs.pop('rstride', 10)
cstride = kwargs.pop('cstride', 10)
if 'facecolors' in kwargs:
fcolors = kwargs.pop('facecolors')
else:
color = np.array(colorConverter.to_rgba(kwargs.pop('color', 'b')))
fcolors = None
cmap = kwargs.get('cmap', None)
norm = kwargs.pop('norm', None)
vmin = kwargs.pop('vmin', None)
vmax = kwargs.pop('vmax', None)
linewidth = kwargs.get('linewidth', None)
shade = kwargs.pop('shade', cmap is None)
lightsource = kwargs.pop('lightsource', None)
# Shade the data
if shade and cmap is not None and fcolors is not None:
fcolors = self._shade_colors_lightsource(Z, cmap, lightsource)
polys = []
# Only need these vectors to shade if there is no cmap
if cmap is None and shade :
totpts = int(np.ceil(float(rows - 1) / rstride) *
np.ceil(float(cols - 1) / cstride))
v1 = np.empty((totpts, 3))
v2 = np.empty((totpts, 3))
# This indexes the vertex points
which_pt = 0
#colset contains the data for coloring: either average z or the facecolor
colset = []
for rs in xrange(0, rows-1, rstride):
for cs in xrange(0, cols-1, cstride):
ps = []
for a in (X, Y, Z) :
ztop = a[rs,cs:min(cols, cs+cstride+1)]
zleft = a[rs+1:min(rows, rs+rstride+1),
min(cols-1, cs+cstride)]
zbase = a[min(rows-1, rs+rstride), cs:min(cols, cs+cstride+1):][::-1]
zright = a[rs:min(rows-1, rs+rstride):, cs][::-1]
z = np.concatenate((ztop, zleft, zbase, zright))
ps.append(z)
# The construction leaves the array with duplicate points, which
# are removed here.
ps = zip(*ps)
lastp = np.array([])
ps2 = [ps[0]] + [ps[i] for i in xrange(1, len(ps)) if ps[i] != ps[i-1]]
avgzsum = sum(p[2] for p in ps2)
polys.append(ps2)
if fcolors is not None:
colset.append(fcolors[rs][cs])
else:
colset.append(avgzsum / len(ps2))
# Only need vectors to shade if no cmap
if cmap is None and shade:
i1, i2, i3 = 0, int(len(ps2)/3), int(2*len(ps2)/3)
v1[which_pt] = np.array(ps2[i1]) - np.array(ps2[i2])
v2[which_pt] = np.array(ps2[i2]) - np.array(ps2[i3])
which_pt += 1
if cmap is None and shade:
normals = np.cross(v1, v2)
else :
normals = []
polyc = art3d.Poly3DCollection(polys, *args, **kwargs)
if fcolors is not None:
if shade:
colset = self._shade_colors(colset, normals)
polyc.set_facecolors(colset)
polyc.set_edgecolors(colset)
elif cmap:
colset = np.array(colset)
polyc.set_array(colset)
if vmin is not None or vmax is not None:
polyc.set_clim(vmin, vmax)
if norm is not None:
polyc.set_norm(norm)
else:
if shade:
colset = self._shade_colors(color, normals)
else:
colset = color
polyc.set_facecolors(colset)
self.add_collection(polyc)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return polyc
def _generate_normals(self, polygons):
'''
Generate normals for polygons by using the first three points.
This normal of course might not make sense for polygons with
more than three points not lying in a plane.
'''
normals = []
for verts in polygons:
v1 = np.array(verts[0]) - np.array(verts[1])
v2 = np.array(verts[2]) - np.array(verts[0])
normals.append(np.cross(v1, v2))
return normals
def _shade_colors(self, color, normals):
'''
Shade *color* using normal vectors given by *normals*.
*color* can also be an array of the same length as *normals*.
'''
shade = np.array([np.dot(n / proj3d.mod(n), [-1, -1, 0.5])
for n in normals])
mask = ~np.isnan(shade)
if len(shade[mask]) > 0:
norm = Normalize(min(shade[mask]), max(shade[mask]))
color = colorConverter.to_rgba_array(color)
# shape of color should be (M, 4) (where M is number of faces)
# shape of shade should be (M,)
# colors should have final shape of (M, 4)
alpha = color[:, 3]
colors = (0.5 + norm(shade)[:, np.newaxis] * 0.5) * color
colors[:, 3] = alpha
else:
colors = np.asanyarray(color).copy()
return colors
def _shade_colors_lightsource(self, data, cmap, lightsource):
if lightsource is None:
lightsource = LightSource(azdeg=135, altdeg=55)
return lightsource.shade(data, cmap)
def plot_wireframe(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Plot a 3D wireframe.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*X*, *Y*, Data values as 2D arrays
*Z*
*rstride* Array row stride (step size)
*cstride* Array column stride (step size)
========== ================================================
Keyword arguments are passed on to
:class:`~matplotlib.collections.LineCollection`.
Returns a :class:`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Line3DCollection`
'''
rstride = kwargs.pop("rstride", 1)
cstride = kwargs.pop("cstride", 1)
had_data = self.has_data()
Z = np.atleast_2d(Z)
# FIXME: Support masked arrays
X = np.asarray(X)
Y = np.asarray(Y)
rows, cols = Z.shape
# Force X and Y to take the same shape.
# If they can not be fitted to that shape,
# then an exception is automatically thrown.
X.shape = (rows, cols)
Y.shape = (rows, cols)
# We want two sets of lines, one running along the "rows" of
# Z and another set of lines running along the "columns" of Z.
# This transpose will make it easy to obtain the columns.
tX, tY, tZ = np.transpose(X), np.transpose(Y), np.transpose(Z)
rii = range(0, rows, rstride)
cii = range(0, cols, cstride)
# Add the last index only if needed
if rows > 0 and rii[-1] != (rows - 1) :
rii += [rows-1]
if cols > 0 and cii[-1] != (cols - 1) :
cii += [cols-1]
# If the inputs were empty, then just
# reset everything.
if Z.size == 0 :
rii = []
cii = []
xlines = [X[i] for i in rii]
ylines = [Y[i] for i in rii]
zlines = [Z[i] for i in rii]
txlines = [tX[i] for i in cii]
tylines = [tY[i] for i in cii]
tzlines = [tZ[i] for i in cii]
lines = [zip(xl, yl, zl) for xl, yl, zl in \
zip(xlines, ylines, zlines)]
lines += [zip(xl, yl, zl) for xl, yl, zl in \
zip(txlines, tylines, tzlines)]
linec = art3d.Line3DCollection(lines, *args, **kwargs)
self.add_collection(linec)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return linec
def _3d_extend_contour(self, cset, stride=5):
'''
Extend a contour in 3D by creating
'''
levels = cset.levels
colls = cset.collections
dz = (levels[1] - levels[0]) / 2
for z, linec in zip(levels, colls):
topverts = art3d.paths_to_3d_segments(linec.get_paths(), z - dz)
botverts = art3d.paths_to_3d_segments(linec.get_paths(), z + dz)
color = linec.get_color()[0]
polyverts = []
normals = []
nsteps = round(len(topverts[0]) / stride)
if nsteps <= 1:
if len(topverts[0]) > 1:
nsteps = 2
else:
continue
stepsize = (len(topverts[0]) - 1) / (nsteps - 1)
for i in range(int(round(nsteps)) - 1):
i1 = int(round(i * stepsize))
i2 = int(round((i + 1) * stepsize))
polyverts.append([topverts[0][i1],
topverts[0][i2],
botverts[0][i2],
botverts[0][i1]])
v1 = np.array(topverts[0][i1]) - np.array(topverts[0][i2])
v2 = np.array(topverts[0][i1]) - np.array(botverts[0][i1])
normals.append(np.cross(v1, v2))
colors = self._shade_colors(color, normals)
colors2 = self._shade_colors(color, normals)
polycol = art3d.Poly3DCollection(polyverts,
facecolors=colors,
edgecolors=colors2)
polycol.set_sort_zpos(z)
self.add_collection3d(polycol)
for col in colls:
self.collections.remove(col)
def add_contour_set(self, cset, extend3d=False, stride=5, zdir='z', offset=None):
zdir = '-' + zdir
if extend3d:
self._3d_extend_contour(cset, stride)
else:
for z, linec in zip(cset.levels, cset.collections):
if offset is not None:
z = offset
art3d.line_collection_2d_to_3d(linec, z, zdir=zdir)
def add_contourf_set(self, cset, zdir='z', offset=None) :
zdir = '-' + zdir
for z, linec in zip(cset.levels, cset.collections) :
if offset is not None :
z = offset
art3d.poly_collection_2d_to_3d(linec, z, zdir=zdir)
linec.set_sort_zpos(z)
def contour(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a 3D contour plot.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*X*, *Y*, Data values as numpy.arrays
*Z*
*extend3d* Whether to extend contour in 3D (default: False)
*stride* Stride (step size) for extending contour
*zdir* The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
*offset* If specified plot a projection of the contour
lines on this position in plane normal to zdir
========== ================================================
The positional and other keyword arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contour`
Returns a :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contour`
'''
extend3d = kwargs.pop('extend3d', False)
stride = kwargs.pop('stride', 5)
zdir = kwargs.pop('zdir', 'z')
offset = kwargs.pop('offset', None)
had_data = self.has_data()
jX, jY, jZ = art3d.rotate_axes(X, Y, Z, zdir)
cset = Axes.contour(self, jX, jY, jZ, *args, **kwargs)
self.add_contour_set(cset, extend3d, stride, zdir, offset)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return cset
contour3D = contour
def tricontour(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a 3D contour plot.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*X*, *Y*, Data values as numpy.arrays
*Z*
*extend3d* Whether to extend contour in 3D (default: False)
*stride* Stride (step size) for extending contour
*zdir* The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
*offset* If specified plot a projection of the contour
lines on this position in plane normal to zdir
========== ================================================
Other keyword arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.tricontour`
Returns a :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contour`
.. versionadded:: 1.1.0
'''
extend3d = kwargs.pop('extend3d', False)
stride = kwargs.pop('stride', 5)
zdir = kwargs.pop('zdir', 'z')
offset = kwargs.pop('offset', None)
had_data = self.has_data()
jX, jY, jZ = art3d.rotate_axes(X, Y, Z, zdir)
cset = Axes.tricontour(self, jX, jY, jZ, *args, **kwargs)
self.add_contour_set(cset, extend3d, stride, zdir, offset)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return cset
def contourf(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a 3D contourf plot.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*X*, *Y*, Data values as numpy.arrays
*Z*
*zdir* The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
*offset* If specified plot a projection of the filled contour
on this position in plane normal to zdir
========== ================================================
The positional and keyword arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contourf`
Returns a :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contourf`
.. versionchanged :: 1.1.0
The *zdir* and *offset* kwargs were added.
'''
zdir = kwargs.pop('zdir', 'z')
offset = kwargs.pop('offset', None)
had_data = self.has_data()
jX, jY, jZ = art3d.rotate_axes(X, Y, Z, zdir)
cset = Axes.contourf(self, jX, jY, jZ, *args, **kwargs)
self.add_contourf_set(cset, zdir, offset)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return cset
contourf3D = contourf
def tricontourf(self, X, Y, Z, offset=None, zdir='z', *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a 3D contourf plot.
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*X*, *Y*, Data values as numpy.arrays
*Z*
*zdir* The direction to use: x, y or z (default)
*offset* If specified plot a projection of the contour
lines on this position in plane normal to zdir
========== ================================================
Other keyword arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.tricontour`
Returns a :class:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.contour`
.. versionadded :: 1.1.0
'''
zdir = kwargs.pop('zdir', 'z')
offset = kwargs.pop('offset', None)
had_data = self.has_data()
jX, jY, jZ = art3d.rotate_axes(X, Y, Z, zdir)
cset = Axes.tricontourf(self, X, Y, Z, *args, **kwargs)
self.add_contourf_set(cset, zdir, offset)
self.auto_scale_xyz(X, Y, Z, had_data)
return cset
def add_collection3d(self, col, zs=0, zdir='z'):
'''
Add a 3D collection object to the plot.
2D collection types are converted to a 3D version by
modifying the object and adding z coordinate information.
Supported are:
- PolyCollection
- LineColleciton
- PatchCollection
'''
zvals = np.atleast_1d(zs)
if len(zvals) > 0 :
zsortval = min(zvals)
else :
zsortval = 0 # FIXME: Fairly arbitrary. Is there a better value?
# FIXME: use issubclass() (although, then a 3D collection
# object would also pass.) Maybe have a collection3d
# abstract class to test for and exclude?
if type(col) is mcoll.PolyCollection:
art3d.poly_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
col.set_sort_zpos(zsortval)
elif type(col) is mcoll.LineCollection:
art3d.line_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
col.set_sort_zpos(zsortval)
elif type(col) is mcoll.PatchCollection:
art3d.patch_collection_2d_to_3d(col, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
col.set_sort_zpos(zsortval)
Axes.add_collection(self, col)
def scatter(self, xs, ys, zs=0, zdir='z', s=20, c='b', *args, **kwargs):
'''
Create a scatter plot.
========== ==========================================================
Argument Description
========== ==========================================================
*xs*, *ys* Positions of data points.
*zs* Either an array of the same length as *xs* and
*ys* or a single value to place all points in
the same plane. Default is 0.
*zdir* Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z')
when plotting a 2D set.
*s* size in points^2. It is a scalar or an array of the same
length as *x* and *y*.
*c* a color. *c* can be a single color format string, or a
sequence of color specifications of length *N*, or a
sequence of *N* numbers to be mapped to colors using the
*cmap* and *norm* specified via kwargs (see below). Note
that *c* should not be a single numeric RGB or RGBA
sequence because that is indistinguishable from an array
of values to be colormapped. *c* can be a 2-D array in
which the rows are RGB or RGBA, however.
========== ==========================================================
Keyword arguments are passed on to
:func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.scatter`.
Returns a :class:`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Patch3DCollection`
'''
had_data = self.has_data()
xs = np.ma.ravel(xs)
ys = np.ma.ravel(ys)
zs = np.ma.ravel(zs)
if xs.size != ys.size:
raise ValueError("x and y must be the same size")
if xs.size != zs.size and zs.size == 1:
zs = np.array(zs[0] * xs.size)
s = np.ma.ravel(s) # This doesn't have to match x, y in size.
cstr = cbook.is_string_like(c) or cbook.is_sequence_of_strings(c)
if not cstr:
c = np.asanyarray(c)
if c.size == xs.size:
c = np.ma.ravel(c)
xs, ys, zs, s, c = cbook.delete_masked_points(xs, ys, zs, s, c)
patches = Axes.scatter(self, xs, ys, s=s, c=c, *args, **kwargs)
if not cbook.iterable(zs):
is_2d = True
zs = np.ones(len(xs)) * zs
else:
is_2d = False
art3d.patch_collection_2d_to_3d(patches, zs=zs, zdir=zdir)
#FIXME: why is this necessary?
if not is_2d:
self.auto_scale_xyz(xs, ys, zs, had_data)
return patches
scatter3D = scatter
def bar(self, left, height, zs=0, zdir='z', *args, **kwargs):
'''
Add 2D bar(s).
========== ================================================
Argument Description
========== ================================================
*left* The x coordinates of the left sides of the bars.
*height* The height of the bars.
*zs* Z coordinate of bars, if one value is specified
they will all be placed at the same z.
*zdir* Which direction to use as z ('x', 'y' or 'z')
when plotting a 2D set.
========== ================================================
Keyword arguments are passed onto :func:`~matplotlib.axes.Axes.bar`.
Returns a :class:`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Patch3DCollection`
'''
had_data = self.has_data()
patches = Axes.bar(self, left, height, *args, **kwargs)
if not cbook.iterable(zs):
zs = np.ones(len(left)) * zs
verts = []
verts_zs = []
for p, z in zip(patches, zs):
vs = art3d.get_patch_verts(p)
verts += vs.tolist()
verts_zs += [z] * len(vs)
art3d.patch_2d_to_3d(p, zs, zdir)
if 'alpha' in kwargs:
p.set_alpha(kwargs['alpha'])
if len(verts) > 0 :
# the following has to be skipped if verts is empty
# NOTE: Bugs could still occur if len(verts) > 0,
# but the "2nd dimension" is empty.
xs, ys = zip(*verts)
else :
xs, ys = [], []
xs, ys, verts_zs = art3d.juggle_axes(xs, ys, verts_zs, zdir)
self.auto_scale_xyz(xs, ys, verts_zs, had_data)
return patches
def bar3d(self, x, y, z, dx, dy, dz, color='b',
zsort='average', *args, **kwargs):
'''
Generate a 3D bar, or multiple bars.
When generating multiple bars, x, y, z have to be arrays.
dx, dy, dz can be arrays or scalars.
*color* can be:
- A single color value, to color all bars the same color.
- An array of colors of length N bars, to color each bar
independently.
- An array of colors of length 6, to color the faces of the
bars similarly.
- An array of colors of length 6 * N bars, to color each face
independently.
When coloring the faces of the boxes specifically, this is
the order of the coloring:
1. -Z (bottom of box)
2. +Z (top of box)
3. -Y
4. +Y
5. -X
6. +X
Keyword arguments are passed onto
:func:`~mpl_toolkits.mplot3d.art3d.Poly3DCollection`
'''
had_data = self.has_data()
if not cbook.iterable(x):
x = [x]
if not cbook.iterable(y):
y = [y]
if not cbook.iterable(z):
z = [z]
if not cbook.iterable(dx):
dx = [dx]
if not cbook.iterable(dy):
dy = [dy]
if not cbook.iterable(dz):
dz = [dz]
if len(dx) == 1:
dx = dx * len(x)
if len(dy) == 1:
dy = dy * len(y)
if len(dz) == 1:
dz = dz * len(z)
if len(x) != len(y) or len(x) != len(z):
warnings.warn('x, y, and z must be the same length.')
# FIXME: This is archaic and could be done much better.
minx, miny, minz = 1e20, 1e20, 1e20
maxx, maxy, maxz = -1e20, -1e20, -1e20
polys = []
for xi, yi, zi, dxi, dyi, dzi in zip(x, y, z, dx, dy, dz):
minx = min(xi, minx)
maxx = max(xi + dxi, maxx)
miny = min(yi, miny)
maxy = max(yi + dyi, maxy)
minz = min(zi, minz)
maxz = max(zi + dzi, maxz)
polys.extend([
((xi, yi, zi), (xi + dxi, yi, zi),
(xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi), (xi, yi + dyi, zi)),
((xi, yi, zi + dzi), (xi + dxi, yi, zi + dzi),
(xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi), (xi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi)),
((xi, yi, zi), (xi + dxi, yi, zi),
(xi + dxi, yi, zi + dzi), (xi, yi, zi + dzi)),
((xi, yi + dyi, zi), (xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi),
(xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi), (xi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi)),
((xi, yi, zi), (xi, yi + dyi, zi),
(xi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi), (xi, yi, zi + dzi)),
((xi + dxi, yi, zi), (xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi),
(xi + dxi, yi + dyi, zi + dzi), (xi + dxi, yi, zi + dzi)),
])
facecolors = []
if color is None:
# no color specified
facecolors = [None] * len(x)
elif len(color) == len(x):
# bar colors specified, need to expand to number of faces
for c in color:
facecolors.extend([c] * 6)
else:
# a single color specified, or face colors specified explicitly
facecolors = list(colorConverter.to_rgba_array(color))
if len(facecolors) < len(x):
facecolors *= (6 * len(x))
normals = self._generate_normals(polys)
sfacecolors = self._shade_colors(facecolors, normals)
col = art3d.Poly3DCollection(polys,
zsort=zsort,
facecolor=sfacecolors,
*args, **kwargs)
self.add_collection(col)
self.auto_scale_xyz((minx, maxx), (miny, maxy), (minz, maxz), had_data)
def set_title(self, label, fontdict=None, **kwargs):
Axes.set_title(self, label, fontdict, **kwargs)
(x, y) = self.title.get_position()
self.title.set_y(0.92 * y)
def get_test_data(delta=0.05):
'''
Return a tuple X, Y, Z with a test data set.
'''
from matplotlib.mlab import bivariate_normal
x = y = np.arange(-3.0, 3.0, delta)
X, Y = np.meshgrid(x, y)
Z1 = bivariate_normal(X, Y, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
Z2 = bivariate_normal(X, Y, 1.5, 0.5, 1, 1)
Z = Z2 - Z1
X = X * 10
Y = Y * 10
Z = Z * 500
return X, Y, Z
########################################################
# Register Axes3D as a 'projection' object available
# for use just like any other axes
########################################################
import matplotlib.projections as proj
proj.projection_registry.register(Axes3D)