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Version:
0.21.1 ▾
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from __future__ import print_function
import warnings
from datetime import timedelta
from distutils.version import LooseVersion
import sys
import pytest
from string import ascii_lowercase
from numpy import nan
from numpy.random import randn
import numpy as np
from pandas.compat import lrange, product
from pandas import (compat, isna, notna, DataFrame, Series,
MultiIndex, date_range, Timestamp)
import pandas as pd
import pandas.core.nanops as nanops
import pandas.core.algorithms as algorithms
import pandas.io.formats.printing as printing
import pandas.util.testing as tm
from pandas.tests.frame.common import TestData
class TestDataFrameAnalytics(TestData):
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------=
# Correlation and covariance
def test_corr_pearson(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
self.frame['A'][:5] = nan
self.frame['B'][5:10] = nan
self._check_method('pearson')
def test_corr_kendall(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
self.frame['A'][:5] = nan
self.frame['B'][5:10] = nan
self._check_method('kendall')
def test_corr_spearman(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
self.frame['A'][:5] = nan
self.frame['B'][5:10] = nan
self._check_method('spearman')
def _check_method(self, method='pearson', check_minp=False):
if not check_minp:
correls = self.frame.corr(method=method)
exp = self.frame['A'].corr(self.frame['C'], method=method)
tm.assert_almost_equal(correls['A']['C'], exp)
else:
result = self.frame.corr(min_periods=len(self.frame) - 8)
expected = self.frame.corr()
expected.loc['A', 'B'] = expected.loc['B', 'A'] = nan
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_corr_non_numeric(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
self.frame['A'][:5] = nan
self.frame['B'][5:10] = nan
# exclude non-numeric types
result = self.mixed_frame.corr()
expected = self.mixed_frame.loc[:, ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']].corr()
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_corr_nooverlap(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
# nothing in common
for meth in ['pearson', 'kendall', 'spearman']:
df = DataFrame({'A': [1, 1.5, 1, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan],
'B': [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 1, 1.5, 1],
'C': [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,
np.nan, np.nan]})
rs = df.corr(meth)
assert isna(rs.loc['A', 'B'])
assert isna(rs.loc['B', 'A'])
assert rs.loc['A', 'A'] == 1
assert rs.loc['B', 'B'] == 1
assert isna(rs.loc['C', 'C'])
def test_corr_constant(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
# constant --> all NA
for meth in ['pearson', 'spearman']:
df = DataFrame({'A': [1, 1, 1, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan],
'B': [np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 1, 1, 1]})
rs = df.corr(meth)
assert isna(rs.values).all()
def test_corr_int(self):
# dtypes other than float64 #1761
df3 = DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 4], "b": [1, 2, 3, 4]})
df3.cov()
df3.corr()
def test_corr_int_and_boolean(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
# when dtypes of pandas series are different
# then ndarray will have dtype=object,
# so it need to be properly handled
df = DataFrame({"a": [True, False], "b": [1, 0]})
expected = DataFrame(np.ones((2, 2)), index=[
'a', 'b'], columns=['a', 'b'])
for meth in ['pearson', 'kendall', 'spearman']:
# RuntimeWarning
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True):
result = df.corr(meth)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_corr_cov_independent_index_column(self):
# GH 14617
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(4 * 10).reshape(10, 4),
columns=list("abcd"))
for method in ['cov', 'corr']:
result = getattr(df, method)()
assert result.index is not result.columns
assert result.index.equals(result.columns)
def test_cov(self):
# min_periods no NAs (corner case)
expected = self.frame.cov()
result = self.frame.cov(min_periods=len(self.frame))
tm.assert_frame_equal(expected, result)
result = self.frame.cov(min_periods=len(self.frame) + 1)
assert isna(result.values).all()
# with NAs
frame = self.frame.copy()
frame['A'][:5] = nan
frame['B'][5:10] = nan
result = self.frame.cov(min_periods=len(self.frame) - 8)
expected = self.frame.cov()
expected.loc['A', 'B'] = np.nan
expected.loc['B', 'A'] = np.nan
# regular
self.frame['A'][:5] = nan
self.frame['B'][:10] = nan
cov = self.frame.cov()
tm.assert_almost_equal(cov['A']['C'],
self.frame['A'].cov(self.frame['C']))
# exclude non-numeric types
result = self.mixed_frame.cov()
expected = self.mixed_frame.loc[:, ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']].cov()
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# Single column frame
df = DataFrame(np.linspace(0.0, 1.0, 10))
result = df.cov()
expected = DataFrame(np.cov(df.values.T).reshape((1, 1)),
index=df.columns, columns=df.columns)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df.loc[0] = np.nan
result = df.cov()
expected = DataFrame(np.cov(df.values[1:].T).reshape((1, 1)),
index=df.columns, columns=df.columns)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_corrwith(self):
a = self.tsframe
noise = Series(randn(len(a)), index=a.index)
b = self.tsframe.add(noise, axis=0)
# make sure order does not matter
b = b.reindex(columns=b.columns[::-1], index=b.index[::-1][10:])
del b['B']
colcorr = a.corrwith(b, axis=0)
tm.assert_almost_equal(colcorr['A'], a['A'].corr(b['A']))
rowcorr = a.corrwith(b, axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(rowcorr, a.T.corrwith(b.T, axis=0))
dropped = a.corrwith(b, axis=0, drop=True)
tm.assert_almost_equal(dropped['A'], a['A'].corr(b['A']))
assert 'B' not in dropped
dropped = a.corrwith(b, axis=1, drop=True)
assert a.index[-1] not in dropped.index
# non time-series data
index = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
columns = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four']
df1 = DataFrame(randn(5, 4), index=index, columns=columns)
df2 = DataFrame(randn(4, 4), index=index[:4], columns=columns)
correls = df1.corrwith(df2, axis=1)
for row in index[:4]:
tm.assert_almost_equal(correls[row],
df1.loc[row].corr(df2.loc[row]))
def test_corrwith_with_objects(self):
df1 = tm.makeTimeDataFrame()
df2 = tm.makeTimeDataFrame()
cols = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D']
df1['obj'] = 'foo'
df2['obj'] = 'bar'
result = df1.corrwith(df2)
expected = df1.loc[:, cols].corrwith(df2.loc[:, cols])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
result = df1.corrwith(df2, axis=1)
expected = df1.loc[:, cols].corrwith(df2.loc[:, cols], axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
def test_corrwith_series(self):
result = self.tsframe.corrwith(self.tsframe['A'])
expected = self.tsframe.apply(self.tsframe['A'].corr)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
def test_corrwith_matches_corrcoef(self):
df1 = DataFrame(np.arange(10000), columns=['a'])
df2 = DataFrame(np.arange(10000) ** 2, columns=['a'])
c1 = df1.corrwith(df2)['a']
c2 = np.corrcoef(df1['a'], df2['a'])[0][1]
tm.assert_almost_equal(c1, c2)
assert c1 < 1
def test_bool_describe_in_mixed_frame(self):
df = DataFrame({
'string_data': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'],
'bool_data': [True, True, False, False, False],
'int_data': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
})
# Integer data are included in .describe() output,
# Boolean and string data are not.
result = df.describe()
expected = DataFrame({'int_data': [5, 30, df.int_data.std(),
10, 20, 30, 40, 50]},
index=['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', '25%',
'50%', '75%', 'max'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# Top value is a boolean value that is False
result = df.describe(include=['bool'])
expected = DataFrame({'bool_data': [5, 2, False, 3]},
index=['count', 'unique', 'top', 'freq'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_describe_bool_frame(self):
# GH 13891
df = pd.DataFrame({
'bool_data_1': [False, False, True, True],
'bool_data_2': [False, True, True, True]
})
result = df.describe()
expected = DataFrame({'bool_data_1': [4, 2, True, 2],
'bool_data_2': [4, 2, True, 3]},
index=['count', 'unique', 'top', 'freq'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = pd.DataFrame({
'bool_data': [False, False, True, True, False],
'int_data': [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
})
result = df.describe()
expected = DataFrame({'int_data': [5, 2, df.int_data.std(), 0, 1,
2, 3, 4]},
index=['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', '25%',
'50%', '75%', 'max'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = pd.DataFrame({
'bool_data': [False, False, True, True],
'str_data': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'a']
})
result = df.describe()
expected = DataFrame({'bool_data': [4, 2, True, 2],
'str_data': [4, 3, 'a', 2]},
index=['count', 'unique', 'top', 'freq'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_describe_categorical_columns(self):
# GH 11558
columns = pd.CategoricalIndex(['int1', 'int2', 'obj'],
ordered=True, name='XXX')
df = DataFrame({'int1': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
'int2': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
'obj': ['A', 0, None, 'X', 1]},
columns=columns)
result = df.describe()
exp_columns = pd.CategoricalIndex(['int1', 'int2'],
categories=['int1', 'int2', 'obj'],
ordered=True, name='XXX')
expected = DataFrame({'int1': [5, 30, df.int1.std(),
10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
'int2': [5, 30, df.int2.std(),
10, 20, 30, 40, 50]},
index=['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', '25%',
'50%', '75%', 'max'],
columns=exp_columns)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_categorical_equal(result.columns.values,
expected.columns.values)
def test_describe_datetime_columns(self):
columns = pd.DatetimeIndex(['2011-01-01', '2011-02-01', '2011-03-01'],
freq='MS', tz='US/Eastern', name='XXX')
df = DataFrame({0: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
1: [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
2: ['A', 0, None, 'X', 1]})
df.columns = columns
result = df.describe()
exp_columns = pd.DatetimeIndex(['2011-01-01', '2011-02-01'],
freq='MS', tz='US/Eastern', name='XXX')
expected = DataFrame({0: [5, 30, df.iloc[:, 0].std(),
10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
1: [5, 30, df.iloc[:, 1].std(),
10, 20, 30, 40, 50]},
index=['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', '25%',
'50%', '75%', 'max'])
expected.columns = exp_columns
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
assert result.columns.freq == 'MS'
assert result.columns.tz == expected.columns.tz
def test_describe_timedelta_values(self):
# GH 6145
t1 = pd.timedelta_range('1 days', freq='D', periods=5)
t2 = pd.timedelta_range('1 hours', freq='H', periods=5)
df = pd.DataFrame({'t1': t1, 't2': t2})
expected = DataFrame({'t1': [5, pd.Timedelta('3 days'),
df.iloc[:, 0].std(),
pd.Timedelta('1 days'),
pd.Timedelta('2 days'),
pd.Timedelta('3 days'),
pd.Timedelta('4 days'),
pd.Timedelta('5 days')],
't2': [5, pd.Timedelta('3 hours'),
df.iloc[:, 1].std(),
pd.Timedelta('1 hours'),
pd.Timedelta('2 hours'),
pd.Timedelta('3 hours'),
pd.Timedelta('4 hours'),
pd.Timedelta('5 hours')]},
index=['count', 'mean', 'std', 'min', '25%',
'50%', '75%', 'max'])
res = df.describe()
tm.assert_frame_equal(res, expected)
exp_repr = (" t1 t2\n"
"count 5 5\n"
"mean 3 days 00:00:00 0 days 03:00:00\n"
"std 1 days 13:56:50.394919 0 days 01:34:52.099788\n"
"min 1 days 00:00:00 0 days 01:00:00\n"
"25% 2 days 00:00:00 0 days 02:00:00\n"
"50% 3 days 00:00:00 0 days 03:00:00\n"
"75% 4 days 00:00:00 0 days 04:00:00\n"
"max 5 days 00:00:00 0 days 05:00:00")
assert repr(res) == exp_repr
def test_reduce_mixed_frame(self):
# GH 6806
df = DataFrame({
'bool_data': [True, True, False, False, False],
'int_data': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
'string_data': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e'],
})
df.reindex(columns=['bool_data', 'int_data', 'string_data'])
test = df.sum(axis=0)
tm.assert_numpy_array_equal(test.values,
np.array([2, 150, 'abcde'], dtype=object))
tm.assert_series_equal(test, df.T.sum(axis=1))
def test_count(self):
f = lambda s: notna(s).sum()
self._check_stat_op('count', f,
has_skipna=False,
has_numeric_only=True,
check_dtype=False,
check_dates=True)
# corner case
frame = DataFrame()
ct1 = frame.count(1)
assert isinstance(ct1, Series)
ct2 = frame.count(0)
assert isinstance(ct2, Series)
# GH #423
df = DataFrame(index=lrange(10))
result = df.count(1)
expected = Series(0, index=df.index)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
df = DataFrame(columns=lrange(10))
result = df.count(0)
expected = Series(0, index=df.columns)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
df = DataFrame()
result = df.count()
expected = Series(0, index=[])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
def test_nunique(self):
f = lambda s: len(algorithms.unique1d(s.dropna()))
self._check_stat_op('nunique', f, has_skipna=False,
check_dtype=False, check_dates=True)
df = DataFrame({'A': [1, 1, 1],
'B': [1, 2, 3],
'C': [1, np.nan, 3]})
tm.assert_series_equal(df.nunique(), Series({'A': 1, 'B': 3, 'C': 2}))
tm.assert_series_equal(df.nunique(dropna=False),
Series({'A': 1, 'B': 3, 'C': 3}))
tm.assert_series_equal(df.nunique(axis=1), Series({0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 2}))
tm.assert_series_equal(df.nunique(axis=1, dropna=False),
Series({0: 1, 1: 3, 2: 2}))
def test_sum(self):
self._check_stat_op('sum', np.sum, has_numeric_only=True)
# mixed types (with upcasting happening)
self._check_stat_op('sum', np.sum,
frame=self.mixed_float.astype('float32'),
has_numeric_only=True, check_dtype=False,
check_less_precise=True)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"method", ['sum', 'mean', 'prod', 'var',
'std', 'skew', 'min', 'max'])
def test_stat_operators_attempt_obj_array(self, method):
# GH #676
data = {
'a': [-0.00049987540199591344, -0.0016467257772919831,
0.00067695870775883013],
'b': [-0, -0, 0.0],
'c': [0.00031111847529610595, 0.0014902627951905339,
-0.00094099200035979691]
}
df1 = DataFrame(data, index=['foo', 'bar', 'baz'],
dtype='O')
df2 = DataFrame({0: [np.nan, 2], 1: [np.nan, 3],
2: [np.nan, 4]}, dtype=object)
for df in [df1, df2]:
assert df.values.dtype == np.object_
result = getattr(df, method)(1)
expected = getattr(df.astype('f8'), method)(1)
if method in ['sum', 'prod']:
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
def test_mean(self):
self._check_stat_op('mean', np.mean, check_dates=True)
def test_product(self):
self._check_stat_op('product', np.prod)
def test_median(self):
def wrapper(x):
if isna(x).any():
return np.nan
return np.median(x)
self._check_stat_op('median', wrapper, check_dates=True)
def test_min(self):
self._check_stat_op('min', np.min, check_dates=True)
self._check_stat_op('min', np.min, frame=self.intframe)
def test_cummin(self):
self.tsframe.loc[5:10, 0] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[10:15, 1] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[15:, 2] = nan
# axis = 0
cummin = self.tsframe.cummin()
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cummin)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cummin, expected)
# axis = 1
cummin = self.tsframe.cummin(axis=1)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cummin, axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cummin, expected)
# it works
df = DataFrame({'A': np.arange(20)}, index=np.arange(20))
result = df.cummin() # noqa
# fix issue
cummin_xs = self.tsframe.cummin(axis=1)
assert np.shape(cummin_xs) == np.shape(self.tsframe)
def test_cummax(self):
self.tsframe.loc[5:10, 0] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[10:15, 1] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[15:, 2] = nan
# axis = 0
cummax = self.tsframe.cummax()
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cummax)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cummax, expected)
# axis = 1
cummax = self.tsframe.cummax(axis=1)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cummax, axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cummax, expected)
# it works
df = DataFrame({'A': np.arange(20)}, index=np.arange(20))
result = df.cummax() # noqa
# fix issue
cummax_xs = self.tsframe.cummax(axis=1)
assert np.shape(cummax_xs) == np.shape(self.tsframe)
def test_max(self):
self._check_stat_op('max', np.max, check_dates=True)
self._check_stat_op('max', np.max, frame=self.intframe)
def test_mad(self):
f = lambda x: np.abs(x - x.mean()).mean()
self._check_stat_op('mad', f)
def test_var_std(self):
alt = lambda x: np.var(x, ddof=1)
self._check_stat_op('var', alt)
alt = lambda x: np.std(x, ddof=1)
self._check_stat_op('std', alt)
result = self.tsframe.std(ddof=4)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(lambda x: x.std(ddof=4))
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
result = self.tsframe.var(ddof=4)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(lambda x: x.var(ddof=4))
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
arr = np.repeat(np.random.random((1, 1000)), 1000, 0)
result = nanops.nanvar(arr, axis=0)
assert not (result < 0).any()
with pd.option_context('use_bottleneck', False):
result = nanops.nanvar(arr, axis=0)
assert not (result < 0).any()
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"meth", ['sem', 'var', 'std'])
def test_numeric_only_flag(self, meth):
# GH #9201
df1 = DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 3), columns=['foo', 'bar', 'baz'])
# set one entry to a number in str format
df1.loc[0, 'foo'] = '100'
df2 = DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 3), columns=['foo', 'bar', 'baz'])
# set one entry to a non-number str
df2.loc[0, 'foo'] = 'a'
result = getattr(df1, meth)(axis=1, numeric_only=True)
expected = getattr(df1[['bar', 'baz']], meth)(axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(expected, result)
result = getattr(df2, meth)(axis=1, numeric_only=True)
expected = getattr(df2[['bar', 'baz']], meth)(axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(expected, result)
# df1 has all numbers, df2 has a letter inside
pytest.raises(TypeError, lambda: getattr(df1, meth)(
axis=1, numeric_only=False))
pytest.raises(TypeError, lambda: getattr(df2, meth)(
axis=1, numeric_only=False))
def test_mixed_ops(self):
# GH 16116
df = DataFrame({'int': [1, 2, 3, 4],
'float': [1., 2., 3., 4.],
'str': ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']})
for op in ['mean', 'std', 'var', 'skew',
'kurt', 'sem']:
result = getattr(df, op)()
assert len(result) == 2
with pd.option_context('use_bottleneck', False):
result = getattr(df, op)()
assert len(result) == 2
def test_cumsum(self):
self.tsframe.loc[5:10, 0] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[10:15, 1] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[15:, 2] = nan
# axis = 0
cumsum = self.tsframe.cumsum()
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cumsum)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cumsum, expected)
# axis = 1
cumsum = self.tsframe.cumsum(axis=1)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cumsum, axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cumsum, expected)
# works
df = DataFrame({'A': np.arange(20)}, index=np.arange(20))
result = df.cumsum() # noqa
# fix issue
cumsum_xs = self.tsframe.cumsum(axis=1)
assert np.shape(cumsum_xs) == np.shape(self.tsframe)
def test_cumprod(self):
self.tsframe.loc[5:10, 0] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[10:15, 1] = nan
self.tsframe.loc[15:, 2] = nan
# axis = 0
cumprod = self.tsframe.cumprod()
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cumprod)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cumprod, expected)
# axis = 1
cumprod = self.tsframe.cumprod(axis=1)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(Series.cumprod, axis=1)
tm.assert_frame_equal(cumprod, expected)
# fix issue
cumprod_xs = self.tsframe.cumprod(axis=1)
assert np.shape(cumprod_xs) == np.shape(self.tsframe)
# ints
df = self.tsframe.fillna(0).astype(int)
df.cumprod(0)
df.cumprod(1)
# ints32
df = self.tsframe.fillna(0).astype(np.int32)
df.cumprod(0)
df.cumprod(1)
def test_sem(self):
alt = lambda x: np.std(x, ddof=1) / np.sqrt(len(x))
self._check_stat_op('sem', alt)
result = self.tsframe.sem(ddof=4)
expected = self.tsframe.apply(
lambda x: x.std(ddof=4) / np.sqrt(len(x)))
tm.assert_almost_equal(result, expected)
arr = np.repeat(np.random.random((1, 1000)), 1000, 0)
result = nanops.nansem(arr, axis=0)
assert not (result < 0).any()
with pd.option_context('use_bottleneck', False):
result = nanops.nansem(arr, axis=0)
assert not (result < 0).any()
def test_skew(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
from scipy.stats import skew
def alt(x):
if len(x) < 3:
return np.nan
return skew(x, bias=False)
self._check_stat_op('skew', alt)
def test_kurt(self):
tm._skip_if_no_scipy()
from scipy.stats import kurtosis
def alt(x):
if len(x) < 4:
return np.nan
return kurtosis(x, bias=False)
self._check_stat_op('kurt', alt)
index = MultiIndex(levels=[['bar'], ['one', 'two', 'three'], [0, 1]],
labels=[[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2],
[0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1]])
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(6, 3), index=index)
kurt = df.kurt()
kurt2 = df.kurt(level=0).xs('bar')
tm.assert_series_equal(kurt, kurt2, check_names=False)
assert kurt.name is None
assert kurt2.name == 'bar'
def _check_stat_op(self, name, alternative, frame=None, has_skipna=True,
has_numeric_only=False, check_dtype=True,
check_dates=False, check_less_precise=False):
if frame is None:
frame = self.frame
# set some NAs
frame.loc[5:10] = np.nan
frame.loc[15:20, -2:] = np.nan
f = getattr(frame, name)
if check_dates:
df = DataFrame({'b': date_range('1/1/2001', periods=2)})
_f = getattr(df, name)
result = _f()
assert isinstance(result, Series)
df['a'] = lrange(len(df))
result = getattr(df, name)()
assert isinstance(result, Series)
assert len(result)
if has_skipna:
def skipna_wrapper(x):
nona = x.dropna()
if len(nona) == 0:
return np.nan
return alternative(nona)
def wrapper(x):
return alternative(x.values)
result0 = f(axis=0, skipna=False)
result1 = f(axis=1, skipna=False)
tm.assert_series_equal(result0, frame.apply(wrapper),
check_dtype=check_dtype,
check_less_precise=check_less_precise)
# HACK: win32
tm.assert_series_equal(result1, frame.apply(wrapper, axis=1),
check_dtype=False,
check_less_precise=check_less_precise)
else:
skipna_wrapper = alternative
wrapper = alternative
result0 = f(axis=0)
result1 = f(axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(result0, frame.apply(skipna_wrapper),
check_dtype=check_dtype,
check_less_precise=check_less_precise)
if name in ['sum', 'prod']:
exp = frame.apply(skipna_wrapper, axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(result1, exp, check_dtype=False,
check_less_precise=check_less_precise)
# check dtypes
if check_dtype:
lcd_dtype = frame.values.dtype
assert lcd_dtype == result0.dtype
assert lcd_dtype == result1.dtype
# result = f(axis=1)
# comp = frame.apply(alternative, axis=1).reindex(result.index)
# assert_series_equal(result, comp)
# bad axis
tm.assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'No axis named 2', f, axis=2)
# make sure works on mixed-type frame
getattr(self.mixed_frame, name)(axis=0)
getattr(self.mixed_frame, name)(axis=1)
if has_numeric_only:
getattr(self.mixed_frame, name)(axis=0, numeric_only=True)
getattr(self.mixed_frame, name)(axis=1, numeric_only=True)
getattr(self.frame, name)(axis=0, numeric_only=False)
getattr(self.frame, name)(axis=1, numeric_only=False)
# all NA case
if has_skipna:
all_na = self.frame * np.NaN
r0 = getattr(all_na, name)(axis=0)
r1 = getattr(all_na, name)(axis=1)
if name in ['sum', 'prod']:
assert np.isnan(r0).all()
assert np.isnan(r1).all()
def test_mode(self):
df = pd.DataFrame({"A": [12, 12, 11, 12, 19, 11],
"B": [10, 10, 10, np.nan, 3, 4],
"C": [8, 8, 8, 9, 9, 9],
"D": np.arange(6, dtype='int64'),
"E": [8, 8, 1, 1, 3, 3]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df[["A"]].mode(),
pd.DataFrame({"A": [12]}))
expected = pd.Series([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5], dtype='int64', name='D').\
to_frame()
tm.assert_frame_equal(df[["D"]].mode(), expected)
expected = pd.Series([1, 3, 8], dtype='int64', name='E').to_frame()
tm.assert_frame_equal(df[["E"]].mode(), expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df[["A", "B"]].mode(),
pd.DataFrame({"A": [12], "B": [10.]}))
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.mode(),
pd.DataFrame({"A": [12, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,
np.nan, np.nan],
"B": [10, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,
np.nan, np.nan],
"C": [8, 9, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan,
np.nan],
"D": [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
"E": [1, 3, 8, np.nan, np.nan,
np.nan]}))
# outputs in sorted order
df["C"] = list(reversed(df["C"]))
printing.pprint_thing(df["C"])
printing.pprint_thing(df["C"].mode())
a, b = (df[["A", "B", "C"]].mode(),
pd.DataFrame({"A": [12, np.nan],
"B": [10, np.nan],
"C": [8, 9]}))
printing.pprint_thing(a)
printing.pprint_thing(b)
tm.assert_frame_equal(a, b)
# should work with heterogeneous types
df = pd.DataFrame({"A": np.arange(6, dtype='int64'),
"B": pd.date_range('2011', periods=6),
"C": list('abcdef')})
exp = pd.DataFrame({"A": pd.Series(np.arange(6, dtype='int64'),
dtype=df["A"].dtype),
"B": pd.Series(pd.date_range('2011', periods=6),
dtype=df["B"].dtype),
"C": pd.Series(list('abcdef'),
dtype=df["C"].dtype)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.mode(), exp)
def test_operators_timedelta64(self):
from datetime import timedelta
df = DataFrame(dict(A=date_range('2012-1-1', periods=3, freq='D'),
B=date_range('2012-1-2', periods=3, freq='D'),
C=Timestamp('20120101') -
timedelta(minutes=5, seconds=5)))
diffs = DataFrame(dict(A=df['A'] - df['C'],
B=df['A'] - df['B']))
# min
result = diffs.min()
assert result[0] == diffs.loc[0, 'A']
assert result[1] == diffs.loc[0, 'B']
result = diffs.min(axis=1)
assert (result == diffs.loc[0, 'B']).all()
# max
result = diffs.max()
assert result[0] == diffs.loc[2, 'A']
assert result[1] == diffs.loc[2, 'B']
result = diffs.max(axis=1)
assert (result == diffs['A']).all()
# abs
result = diffs.abs()
result2 = abs(diffs)
expected = DataFrame(dict(A=df['A'] - df['C'],
B=df['B'] - df['A']))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result2, expected)
# mixed frame
mixed = diffs.copy()
mixed['C'] = 'foo'
mixed['D'] = 1
mixed['E'] = 1.
mixed['F'] = Timestamp('20130101')
# results in an object array
from pandas.core.tools.timedeltas import (
_coerce_scalar_to_timedelta_type as _coerce)
result = mixed.min()
expected = Series([_coerce(timedelta(seconds=5 * 60 + 5)),
_coerce(timedelta(days=-1)),
'foo', 1, 1.0,
Timestamp('20130101')],
index=mixed.columns)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
# excludes numeric
result = mixed.min(axis=1)
expected = Series([1, 1, 1.], index=[0, 1, 2])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
# works when only those columns are selected
result = mixed[['A', 'B']].min(1)
expected = Series([timedelta(days=-1)] * 3)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
result = mixed[['A', 'B']].min()
expected = Series([timedelta(seconds=5 * 60 + 5),
timedelta(days=-1)], index=['A', 'B'])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
# GH 3106
df = DataFrame({'time': date_range('20130102', periods=5),
'time2': date_range('20130105', periods=5)})
df['off1'] = df['time2'] - df['time']
assert df['off1'].dtype == 'timedelta64[ns]'
df['off2'] = df['time'] - df['time2']
df._consolidate_inplace()
assert df['off1'].dtype == 'timedelta64[ns]'
assert df['off2'].dtype == 'timedelta64[ns]'
def test_sum_corner(self):
axis0 = self.empty.sum(0)
axis1 = self.empty.sum(1)
assert isinstance(axis0, Series)
assert isinstance(axis1, Series)
assert len(axis0) == 0
assert len(axis1) == 0
def test_sum_object(self):
values = self.frame.values.astype(int)
frame = DataFrame(values, index=self.frame.index,
columns=self.frame.columns)
deltas = frame * timedelta(1)
deltas.sum()
def test_sum_bool(self):
# ensure this works, bug report
bools = np.isnan(self.frame)
bools.sum(1)
bools.sum(0)
def test_mean_corner(self):
# unit test when have object data
the_mean = self.mixed_frame.mean(axis=0)
the_sum = self.mixed_frame.sum(axis=0, numeric_only=True)
tm.assert_index_equal(the_sum.index, the_mean.index)
assert len(the_mean.index) < len(self.mixed_frame.columns)
# xs sum mixed type, just want to know it works...
the_mean = self.mixed_frame.mean(axis=1)
the_sum = self.mixed_frame.sum(axis=1, numeric_only=True)
tm.assert_index_equal(the_sum.index, the_mean.index)
# take mean of boolean column
self.frame['bool'] = self.frame['A'] > 0
means = self.frame.mean(0)
assert means['bool'] == self.frame['bool'].values.mean()
def test_stats_mixed_type(self):
# don't blow up
self.mixed_frame.std(1)
self.mixed_frame.var(1)
self.mixed_frame.mean(1)
self.mixed_frame.skew(1)
def test_median_corner(self):
def wrapper(x):
if isna(x).any():
return np.nan
return np.median(x)
self._check_stat_op('median', wrapper, frame=self.intframe,
check_dtype=False, check_dates=True)
# Miscellanea
def test_count_objects(self):
dm = DataFrame(self.mixed_frame._series)
df = DataFrame(self.mixed_frame._series)
tm.assert_series_equal(dm.count(), df.count())
tm.assert_series_equal(dm.count(1), df.count(1))
def test_cumsum_corner(self):
dm = DataFrame(np.arange(20).reshape(4, 5),
index=lrange(4), columns=lrange(5))
# ?(wesm)
result = dm.cumsum() # noqa
def test_sum_bools(self):
df = DataFrame(index=lrange(1), columns=lrange(10))
bools = isna(df)
assert bools.sum(axis=1)[0] == 10
# Index of max / min
def test_idxmin(self):
frame = self.frame
frame.loc[5:10] = np.nan
frame.loc[15:20, -2:] = np.nan
for skipna in [True, False]:
for axis in [0, 1]:
for df in [frame, self.intframe]:
result = df.idxmin(axis=axis, skipna=skipna)
expected = df.apply(Series.idxmin, axis=axis,
skipna=skipna)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
pytest.raises(ValueError, frame.idxmin, axis=2)
def test_idxmax(self):
frame = self.frame
frame.loc[5:10] = np.nan
frame.loc[15:20, -2:] = np.nan
for skipna in [True, False]:
for axis in [0, 1]:
for df in [frame, self.intframe]:
result = df.idxmax(axis=axis, skipna=skipna)
expected = df.apply(Series.idxmax, axis=axis,
skipna=skipna)
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
pytest.raises(ValueError, frame.idxmax, axis=2)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Logical reductions
def test_any_all(self):
self._check_bool_op('any', np.any, has_skipna=True, has_bool_only=True)
self._check_bool_op('all', np.all, has_skipna=True, has_bool_only=True)
df = DataFrame(randn(10, 4)) > 0
df.any(1)
df.all(1)
df.any(1, bool_only=True)
df.all(1, bool_only=True)
# skip pathological failure cases
# class CantNonzero(object):
# def __nonzero__(self):
# raise ValueError
# df[4] = CantNonzero()
# it works!
# df.any(1)
# df.all(1)
# df.any(1, bool_only=True)
# df.all(1, bool_only=True)
# df[4][4] = np.nan
# df.any(1)
# df.all(1)
# df.any(1, bool_only=True)
# df.all(1, bool_only=True)
def _check_bool_op(self, name, alternative, frame=None, has_skipna=True,
has_bool_only=False):
if frame is None:
frame = self.frame > 0
# set some NAs
frame = DataFrame(frame.values.astype(object), frame.index,
frame.columns)
frame.loc[5:10] = np.nan
frame.loc[15:20, -2:] = np.nan
f = getattr(frame, name)
if has_skipna:
def skipna_wrapper(x):
nona = x.dropna().values
return alternative(nona)
def wrapper(x):
return alternative(x.values)
result0 = f(axis=0, skipna=False)
result1 = f(axis=1, skipna=False)
tm.assert_series_equal(result0, frame.apply(wrapper))
tm.assert_series_equal(result1, frame.apply(wrapper, axis=1),
check_dtype=False) # HACK: win32
else:
skipna_wrapper = alternative
wrapper = alternative
result0 = f(axis=0)
result1 = f(axis=1)
tm.assert_series_equal(result0, frame.apply(skipna_wrapper))
tm.assert_series_equal(result1, frame.apply(skipna_wrapper, axis=1),
check_dtype=False)
# result = f(axis=1)
# comp = frame.apply(alternative, axis=1).reindex(result.index)
# assert_series_equal(result, comp)
# bad axis
pytest.raises(ValueError, f, axis=2)
# make sure works on mixed-type frame
mixed = self.mixed_frame
mixed['_bool_'] = np.random.randn(len(mixed)) > 0
getattr(mixed, name)(axis=0)
getattr(mixed, name)(axis=1)
class NonzeroFail:
def __nonzero__(self):
raise ValueError
mixed['_nonzero_fail_'] = NonzeroFail()
if has_bool_only:
getattr(mixed, name)(axis=0, bool_only=True)
getattr(mixed, name)(axis=1, bool_only=True)
getattr(frame, name)(axis=0, bool_only=False)
getattr(frame, name)(axis=1, bool_only=False)
# all NA case
if has_skipna:
all_na = frame * np.NaN
r0 = getattr(all_na, name)(axis=0)
r1 = getattr(all_na, name)(axis=1)
if name == 'any':
assert not r0.any()
assert not r1.any()
else:
assert r0.all()
assert r1.all()
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Isin
def test_isin(self):
# GH #4211
df = DataFrame({'vals': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'ids': ['a', 'b', 'f', 'n'],
'ids2': ['a', 'n', 'c', 'n']},
index=['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'qux'])
other = ['a', 'b', 'c']
result = df.isin(other)
expected = DataFrame([df.loc[s].isin(other) for s in df.index])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("empty", [[], Series(), np.array([])])
def test_isin_empty(self, empty):
# see gh-16991
df = DataFrame({'A': ['a', 'b', 'c'], 'B': ['a', 'e', 'f']})
expected = DataFrame(False, df.index, df.columns)
result = df.isin(empty)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_dict(self):
df = DataFrame({'A': ['a', 'b', 'c'], 'B': ['a', 'e', 'f']})
d = {'A': ['a']}
expected = DataFrame(False, df.index, df.columns)
expected.loc[0, 'A'] = True
result = df.isin(d)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# non unique columns
df = DataFrame({'A': ['a', 'b', 'c'], 'B': ['a', 'e', 'f']})
df.columns = ['A', 'A']
expected = DataFrame(False, df.index, df.columns)
expected.loc[0, 'A'] = True
result = df.isin(d)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_with_string_scalar(self):
# GH4763
df = DataFrame({'vals': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'ids': ['a', 'b', 'f', 'n'],
'ids2': ['a', 'n', 'c', 'n']},
index=['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'qux'])
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.isin('a')
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.isin('aaa')
def test_isin_df(self):
df1 = DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'B': [2, np.nan, 4, 4]})
df2 = DataFrame({'A': [0, 2, 12, 4], 'B': [2, np.nan, 4, 5]})
expected = DataFrame(False, df1.index, df1.columns)
result = df1.isin(df2)
expected['A'].loc[[1, 3]] = True
expected['B'].loc[[0, 2]] = True
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# partial overlapping columns
df2.columns = ['A', 'C']
result = df1.isin(df2)
expected['B'] = False
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_tuples(self):
# GH16394
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': ['a', 'b', 'f']})
df['C'] = list(zip(df['A'], df['B']))
result = df['C'].isin([(1, 'a')])
tm.assert_series_equal(result,
Series([True, False, False], name="C"))
def test_isin_df_dupe_values(self):
df1 = DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'B': [2, np.nan, 4, 4]})
# just cols duped
df2 = DataFrame([[0, 2], [12, 4], [2, np.nan], [4, 5]],
columns=['B', 'B'])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
df1.isin(df2)
# just index duped
df2 = DataFrame([[0, 2], [12, 4], [2, np.nan], [4, 5]],
columns=['A', 'B'], index=[0, 0, 1, 1])
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
df1.isin(df2)
# cols and index:
df2.columns = ['B', 'B']
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
df1.isin(df2)
def test_isin_dupe_self(self):
other = DataFrame({'A': [1, 0, 1, 0], 'B': [1, 1, 0, 0]})
df = DataFrame([[1, 1], [1, 0], [0, 0]], columns=['A', 'A'])
result = df.isin(other)
expected = DataFrame(False, index=df.index, columns=df.columns)
expected.loc[0] = True
expected.iloc[1, 1] = True
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_against_series(self):
df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3, 4], 'B': [2, np.nan, 4, 4]},
index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
s = pd.Series([1, 3, 11, 4], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
expected = DataFrame(False, index=df.index, columns=df.columns)
expected['A'].loc['a'] = True
expected.loc['d'] = True
result = df.isin(s)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_multiIndex(self):
idx = MultiIndex.from_tuples([(0, 'a', 'foo'), (0, 'a', 'bar'),
(0, 'b', 'bar'), (0, 'b', 'baz'),
(2, 'a', 'foo'), (2, 'a', 'bar'),
(2, 'c', 'bar'), (2, 'c', 'baz'),
(1, 'b', 'foo'), (1, 'b', 'bar'),
(1, 'c', 'bar'), (1, 'c', 'baz')])
df1 = DataFrame({'A': np.ones(12),
'B': np.zeros(12)}, index=idx)
df2 = DataFrame({'A': [1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
'B': [1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]})
# against regular index
expected = DataFrame(False, index=df1.index, columns=df1.columns)
result = df1.isin(df2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df2.index = idx
expected = df2.values.astype(np.bool)
expected[:, 1] = ~expected[:, 1]
expected = DataFrame(expected, columns=['A', 'B'], index=idx)
result = df1.isin(df2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_isin_empty_datetimelike(self):
# GH 15473
df1_ts = DataFrame({'date':
pd.to_datetime(['2014-01-01', '2014-01-02'])})
df1_td = DataFrame({'date':
[pd.Timedelta(1, 's'), pd.Timedelta(2, 's')]})
df2 = DataFrame({'date': []})
df3 = DataFrame()
expected = DataFrame({'date': [False, False]})
result = df1_ts.isin(df2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df1_ts.isin(df3)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df1_td.isin(df2)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df1_td.isin(df3)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Row deduplication
def test_drop_duplicates(self):
df = DataFrame({'AAA': ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA')
expected = df[:2]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA', keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA', keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
assert len(result) == 0
# multi column
expected = df.loc[[0, 1, 2, 3]]
result = df.drop_duplicates(np.array(['AAA', 'B']))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(('AAA', 'B'), keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[0, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(('AAA', 'B'), keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[0]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# consider everything
df2 = df.loc[:, ['AAA', 'B', 'C']]
result = df2.drop_duplicates()
# in this case only
expected = df2.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'])
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df2.drop_duplicates(keep='last')
expected = df2.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'], keep='last')
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df2.drop_duplicates(keep=False)
expected = df2.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'], keep=False)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# integers
result = df.drop_duplicates('C')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 2]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('C', keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[-2, -1]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df['E'] = df['C'].astype('int8')
result = df.drop_duplicates('E')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 2]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('E', keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[-2, -1]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# GH 11376
df = pd.DataFrame({'x': [7, 6, 3, 3, 4, 8, 0],
'y': [0, 6, 5, 5, 9, 1, 2]})
expected = df.loc[df.index != 3]
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.drop_duplicates(), expected)
df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 0], [0, 2]])
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.drop_duplicates(), df)
df = pd.DataFrame([[-2, 0], [0, -4]])
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.drop_duplicates(), df)
x = np.iinfo(np.int64).max / 3 * 2
df = pd.DataFrame([[-x, x], [0, x + 4]])
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.drop_duplicates(), df)
df = pd.DataFrame([[-x, x], [x, x + 4]])
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.drop_duplicates(), df)
# GH 11864
df = pd.DataFrame([i] * 9 for i in range(16))
df = df.append([[1] + [0] * 8], ignore_index=True)
for keep in ['first', 'last', False]:
assert df.duplicated(keep=keep).sum() == 0
def test_drop_duplicates_with_duplicate_column_names(self):
# GH17836
df = DataFrame([
[1, 2, 5],
[3, 4, 6],
[3, 4, 7]
], columns=['a', 'a', 'b'])
result0 = df.drop_duplicates()
tm.assert_frame_equal(result0, df)
result1 = df.drop_duplicates('a')
expected1 = df[:2]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result1, expected1)
def test_drop_duplicates_for_take_all(self):
df = DataFrame({'AAA': ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'qux', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 1, 2, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA', keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[2, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('AAA', keep=False)
expected = df.iloc[[2, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# multiple columns
result = df.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'])
expected = df.iloc[[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'], keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 1, 2, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['AAA', 'B'], keep=False)
expected = df.iloc[[0, 1, 2, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_drop_duplicates_tuple(self):
df = DataFrame({('AA', 'AB'): ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates(('AA', 'AB'))
expected = df[:2]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(('AA', 'AB'), keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(('AA', 'AB'), keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[]] # empty df
assert len(result) == 0
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# multi column
expected = df.loc[[0, 1, 2, 3]]
result = df.drop_duplicates((('AA', 'AB'), 'B'))
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_drop_duplicates_NA(self):
# none
df = DataFrame({'A': [None, None, 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1.0, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 1., 1., 1, 1.],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('A')
expected = df.loc[[0, 2, 3]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('A', keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[1, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('A', keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[]] # empty df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
assert len(result) == 0
# multi column
result = df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'])
expected = df.loc[[0, 2, 3, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[1, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# nan
df = DataFrame({'A': ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1.0, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 1., 1., 1, 1.],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('C')
expected = df[:2]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('C', keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[3, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('C', keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[]] # empty df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
assert len(result) == 0
# multi column
result = df.drop_duplicates(['C', 'B'])
expected = df.loc[[0, 1, 2, 4]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['C', 'B'], keep='last')
expected = df.loc[[1, 3, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates(['C', 'B'], keep=False)
expected = df.loc[[1]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_drop_duplicates_NA_for_take_all(self):
# none
df = DataFrame({'A': [None, None, 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'baz', 'bar', 'qux'],
'C': [1.0, np.nan, np.nan, np.nan, 1., 2., 3, 1.]})
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('A')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 2, 3, 5, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('A', keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[1, 4, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('A', keep=False)
expected = df.iloc[[5, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# nan
# single column
result = df.drop_duplicates('C')
expected = df.iloc[[0, 1, 5, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('C', keep='last')
expected = df.iloc[[3, 5, 6, 7]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.drop_duplicates('C', keep=False)
expected = df.iloc[[5, 6]]
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_drop_duplicates_inplace(self):
orig = DataFrame({'A': ['foo', 'bar', 'foo', 'bar',
'foo', 'bar', 'bar', 'foo'],
'B': ['one', 'one', 'two', 'two',
'two', 'two', 'one', 'two'],
'C': [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2],
'D': lrange(8)})
# single column
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates('A', inplace=True)
expected = orig[:2]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates('A', keep='last', inplace=True)
expected = orig.loc[[6, 7]]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates('A', keep=False, inplace=True)
expected = orig.loc[[]]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
assert len(df) == 0
# multi column
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], inplace=True)
expected = orig.loc[[0, 1, 2, 3]]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep='last', inplace=True)
expected = orig.loc[[0, 5, 6, 7]]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df = orig.copy()
df.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep=False, inplace=True)
expected = orig.loc[[0]]
result = df
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# consider everything
orig2 = orig.loc[:, ['A', 'B', 'C']].copy()
df2 = orig2.copy()
df2.drop_duplicates(inplace=True)
# in this case only
expected = orig2.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'])
result = df2
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df2 = orig2.copy()
df2.drop_duplicates(keep='last', inplace=True)
expected = orig2.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep='last')
result = df2
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
df2 = orig2.copy()
df2.drop_duplicates(keep=False, inplace=True)
expected = orig2.drop_duplicates(['A', 'B'], keep=False)
result = df2
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# Rounding
def test_round(self):
# GH 2665
# Test that rounding an empty DataFrame does nothing
df = DataFrame()
tm.assert_frame_equal(df, df.round())
# Here's the test frame we'll be working with
df = DataFrame({'col1': [1.123, 2.123, 3.123],
'col2': [1.234, 2.234, 3.234]})
# Default round to integer (i.e. decimals=0)
expected_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1., 2., 3.], 'col2': [1., 2., 3.]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(), expected_rounded)
# Round with an integer
decimals = 2
expected_rounded = DataFrame({'col1': [1.12, 2.12, 3.12],
'col2': [1.23, 2.23, 3.23]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(decimals), expected_rounded)
# This should also work with np.round (since np.round dispatches to
# df.round)
tm.assert_frame_equal(np.round(df, decimals), expected_rounded)
# Round with a list
round_list = [1, 2]
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(round_list)
# Round with a dictionary
expected_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1.1, 2.1, 3.1], 'col2': [1.23, 2.23, 3.23]})
round_dict = {'col1': 1, 'col2': 2}
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(round_dict), expected_rounded)
# Incomplete dict
expected_partially_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1.123, 2.123, 3.123], 'col2': [1.2, 2.2, 3.2]})
partial_round_dict = {'col2': 1}
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(partial_round_dict),
expected_partially_rounded)
# Dict with unknown elements
wrong_round_dict = {'col3': 2, 'col2': 1}
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(wrong_round_dict),
expected_partially_rounded)
# float input to `decimals`
non_int_round_dict = {'col1': 1, 'col2': 0.5}
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_dict)
# String input
non_int_round_dict = {'col1': 1, 'col2': 'foo'}
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_dict)
non_int_round_Series = Series(non_int_round_dict)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_Series)
# List input
non_int_round_dict = {'col1': 1, 'col2': [1, 2]}
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_dict)
non_int_round_Series = Series(non_int_round_dict)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_Series)
# Non integer Series inputs
non_int_round_Series = Series(non_int_round_dict)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_Series)
non_int_round_Series = Series(non_int_round_dict)
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(non_int_round_Series)
# Negative numbers
negative_round_dict = {'col1': -1, 'col2': -2}
big_df = df * 100
expected_neg_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [110., 210, 310], 'col2': [100., 200, 300]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(big_df.round(negative_round_dict),
expected_neg_rounded)
# nan in Series round
nan_round_Series = Series({'col1': nan, 'col2': 1})
# TODO(wesm): unused?
expected_nan_round = DataFrame({ # noqa
'col1': [1.123, 2.123, 3.123],
'col2': [1.2, 2.2, 3.2]})
if sys.version < LooseVersion('2.7'):
# Rounding with decimal is a ValueError in Python < 2.7
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
df.round(nan_round_Series)
else:
with pytest.raises(TypeError):
df.round(nan_round_Series)
# Make sure this doesn't break existing Series.round
tm.assert_series_equal(df['col1'].round(1), expected_rounded['col1'])
# named columns
# GH 11986
decimals = 2
expected_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1.12, 2.12, 3.12], 'col2': [1.23, 2.23, 3.23]})
df.columns.name = "cols"
expected_rounded.columns.name = "cols"
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(decimals), expected_rounded)
# interaction of named columns & series
tm.assert_series_equal(df['col1'].round(decimals),
expected_rounded['col1'])
tm.assert_series_equal(df.round(decimals)['col1'],
expected_rounded['col1'])
def test_numpy_round(self):
# See gh-12600
df = DataFrame([[1.53, 1.36], [0.06, 7.01]])
out = np.round(df, decimals=0)
expected = DataFrame([[2., 1.], [0., 7.]])
tm.assert_frame_equal(out, expected)
msg = "the 'out' parameter is not supported"
with tm.assert_raises_regex(ValueError, msg):
np.round(df, decimals=0, out=df)
def test_round_mixed_type(self):
# GH11885
df = DataFrame({'col1': [1.1, 2.2, 3.3, 4.4],
'col2': ['1', 'a', 'c', 'f'],
'col3': date_range('20111111', periods=4)})
round_0 = DataFrame({'col1': [1., 2., 3., 4.],
'col2': ['1', 'a', 'c', 'f'],
'col3': date_range('20111111', periods=4)})
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(), round_0)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round(1), df)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round({'col1': 1}), df)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round({'col1': 0}), round_0)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round({'col1': 0, 'col2': 1}), round_0)
tm.assert_frame_equal(df.round({'col3': 1}), df)
def test_round_issue(self):
# GH11611
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.random([3, 3]), columns=['A', 'B', 'C'],
index=['first', 'second', 'third'])
dfs = pd.concat((df, df), axis=1)
rounded = dfs.round()
tm.assert_index_equal(rounded.index, dfs.index)
decimals = pd.Series([1, 0, 2], index=['A', 'B', 'A'])
pytest.raises(ValueError, df.round, decimals)
def test_built_in_round(self):
if not compat.PY3:
pytest.skip("build in round cannot be overriden "
"prior to Python 3")
# GH11763
# Here's the test frame we'll be working with
df = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1.123, 2.123, 3.123], 'col2': [1.234, 2.234, 3.234]})
# Default round to integer (i.e. decimals=0)
expected_rounded = DataFrame(
{'col1': [1., 2., 3.], 'col2': [1., 2., 3.]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(round(df), expected_rounded)
# Clip
def test_clip(self):
median = self.frame.median().median()
original = self.frame.copy()
capped = self.frame.clip_upper(median)
assert not (capped.values > median).any()
floored = self.frame.clip_lower(median)
assert not (floored.values < median).any()
double = self.frame.clip(upper=median, lower=median)
assert not (double.values != median).any()
# Verify that self.frame was not changed inplace
assert (self.frame.values == original.values).all()
def test_inplace_clip(self):
# GH #15388
median = self.frame.median().median()
frame_copy = self.frame.copy()
frame_copy.clip_upper(median, inplace=True)
assert not (frame_copy.values > median).any()
frame_copy = self.frame.copy()
frame_copy.clip_lower(median, inplace=True)
assert not (frame_copy.values < median).any()
frame_copy = self.frame.copy()
frame_copy.clip(upper=median, lower=median, inplace=True)
assert not (frame_copy.values != median).any()
def test_dataframe_clip(self):
# GH #2747
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000, 2))
for lb, ub in [(-1, 1), (1, -1)]:
clipped_df = df.clip(lb, ub)
lb, ub = min(lb, ub), max(ub, lb)
lb_mask = df.values <= lb
ub_mask = df.values >= ub
mask = ~lb_mask & ~ub_mask
assert (clipped_df.values[lb_mask] == lb).all()
assert (clipped_df.values[ub_mask] == ub).all()
assert (clipped_df.values[mask] == df.values[mask]).all()
def test_clip_mixed_numeric(self):
# TODO(jreback)
# clip on mixed integer or floats
# with integer clippers coerces to float
df = DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 3],
'B': [1., np.nan, 3.]})
result = df.clip(1, 2)
expected = DataFrame({'A': [1, 2, 2.],
'B': [1., np.nan, 2.]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_like=True)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("inplace", [True, False])
def test_clip_against_series(self, inplace):
# GH #6966
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000, 2))
lb = Series(np.random.randn(1000))
ub = lb + 1
original = df.copy()
clipped_df = df.clip(lb, ub, axis=0, inplace=inplace)
if inplace:
clipped_df = df
for i in range(2):
lb_mask = original.iloc[:, i] <= lb
ub_mask = original.iloc[:, i] >= ub
mask = ~lb_mask & ~ub_mask
result = clipped_df.loc[lb_mask, i]
tm.assert_series_equal(result, lb[lb_mask], check_names=False)
assert result.name == i
result = clipped_df.loc[ub_mask, i]
tm.assert_series_equal(result, ub[ub_mask], check_names=False)
assert result.name == i
tm.assert_series_equal(clipped_df.loc[mask, i], df.loc[mask, i])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("inplace", [True, False])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("lower", [[2, 3, 4], np.asarray([2, 3, 4])])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("axis,res", [
(0, [[2., 2., 3.], [4., 5., 6.], [7., 7., 7.]]),
(1, [[2., 3., 4.], [4., 5., 6.], [5., 6., 7.]])
])
def test_clip_against_list_like(self, inplace, lower, axis, res):
# GH #15390
original = self.simple.copy(deep=True)
result = original.clip(lower=lower, upper=[5, 6, 7],
axis=axis, inplace=inplace)
expected = pd.DataFrame(res,
columns=original.columns,
index=original.index)
if inplace:
result = original
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected, check_exact=True)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("axis", [0, 1, None])
def test_clip_against_frame(self, axis):
df = DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000, 2))
lb = DataFrame(np.random.randn(1000, 2))
ub = lb + 1
clipped_df = df.clip(lb, ub, axis=axis)
lb_mask = df <= lb
ub_mask = df >= ub
mask = ~lb_mask & ~ub_mask
tm.assert_frame_equal(clipped_df[lb_mask], lb[lb_mask])
tm.assert_frame_equal(clipped_df[ub_mask], ub[ub_mask])
tm.assert_frame_equal(clipped_df[mask], df[mask])
def test_clip_with_na_args(self):
"""Should process np.nan argument as None """
# GH # 17276
tm.assert_frame_equal(self.frame.clip(np.nan), self.frame)
tm.assert_frame_equal(self.frame.clip(upper=[1, 2, np.nan]),
self.frame)
tm.assert_frame_equal(self.frame.clip(lower=[1, np.nan, 3]),
self.frame)
tm.assert_frame_equal(self.frame.clip(upper=np.nan, lower=np.nan),
self.frame)
# Matrix-like
def test_dot(self):
a = DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 4), index=['a', 'b', 'c'],
columns=['p', 'q', 'r', 's'])
b = DataFrame(np.random.randn(4, 2), index=['p', 'q', 'r', 's'],
columns=['one', 'two'])
result = a.dot(b)
expected = DataFrame(np.dot(a.values, b.values),
index=['a', 'b', 'c'],
columns=['one', 'two'])
# Check alignment
b1 = b.reindex(index=reversed(b.index))
result = a.dot(b)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
# Check series argument
result = a.dot(b['one'])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected['one'], check_names=False)
assert result.name is None
result = a.dot(b1['one'])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected['one'], check_names=False)
assert result.name is None
# can pass correct-length arrays
row = a.iloc[0].values
result = a.dot(row)
exp = a.dot(a.iloc[0])
tm.assert_series_equal(result, exp)
with tm.assert_raises_regex(ValueError,
'Dot product shape mismatch'):
a.dot(row[:-1])
a = np.random.rand(1, 5)
b = np.random.rand(5, 1)
A = DataFrame(a)
# TODO(wesm): unused
B = DataFrame(b) # noqa
# it works
result = A.dot(b)
# unaligned
df = DataFrame(randn(3, 4), index=[1, 2, 3], columns=lrange(4))
df2 = DataFrame(randn(5, 3), index=lrange(5), columns=[1, 2, 3])
with tm.assert_raises_regex(ValueError, 'aligned'):
df.dot(df2)
@pytest.fixture
def df_duplicates():
return pd.DataFrame({'a': [1, 2, 3, 4, 4],
'b': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1],
'c': [0, 1, 2, 5, 4]},
index=[0, 0, 1, 1, 1])
@pytest.fixture
def df_strings():
return pd.DataFrame({'a': np.random.permutation(10),
'b': list(ascii_lowercase[:10]),
'c': np.random.permutation(10).astype('float64')})
@pytest.fixture
def df_main_dtypes():
return pd.DataFrame(
{'group': [1, 1, 2],
'int': [1, 2, 3],
'float': [4., 5., 6.],
'string': list('abc'),
'category_string': pd.Series(list('abc')).astype('category'),
'category_int': [7, 8, 9],
'datetime': pd.date_range('20130101', periods=3),
'datetimetz': pd.date_range('20130101',
periods=3,
tz='US/Eastern'),
'timedelta': pd.timedelta_range('1 s', periods=3, freq='s')},
columns=['group', 'int', 'float', 'string',
'category_string', 'category_int',
'datetime', 'datetimetz',
'timedelta'])
class TestNLargestNSmallest(object):
dtype_error_msg_template = ("Column {column!r} has dtype {dtype}, cannot "
"use method {method!r} with this dtype")
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Top / bottom
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'method, n, order',
product(['nsmallest', 'nlargest'], range(1, 11),
[['a'],
['c'],
['a', 'b'],
['a', 'c'],
['b', 'a'],
['b', 'c'],
['a', 'b', 'c'],
['c', 'a', 'b'],
['c', 'b', 'a'],
['b', 'c', 'a'],
['b', 'a', 'c'],
# dups!
['b', 'c', 'c'],
]))
def test_n(self, df_strings, method, n, order):
# GH10393
df = df_strings
if 'b' in order:
error_msg = self.dtype_error_msg_template.format(
column='b', method=method, dtype='object')
with tm.assert_raises_regex(TypeError, error_msg):
getattr(df, method)(n, order)
else:
ascending = method == 'nsmallest'
result = getattr(df, method)(n, order)
expected = df.sort_values(order, ascending=ascending).head(n)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'method, columns',
product(['nsmallest', 'nlargest'],
product(['group'], ['category_string', 'string'])
))
def test_n_error(self, df_main_dtypes, method, columns):
df = df_main_dtypes
error_msg = self.dtype_error_msg_template.format(
column=columns[1], method=method, dtype=df[columns[1]].dtype)
# escape some characters that may be in the repr
error_msg = (error_msg.replace('(', '\\(').replace(")", "\\)")
.replace("[", "\\[").replace("]", "\\]"))
with tm.assert_raises_regex(TypeError, error_msg):
getattr(df, method)(2, columns)
def test_n_all_dtypes(self, df_main_dtypes):
df = df_main_dtypes
df.nsmallest(2, list(set(df) - {'category_string', 'string'}))
df.nlargest(2, list(set(df) - {'category_string', 'string'}))
def test_n_identical_values(self):
# GH15297
df = pd.DataFrame({'a': [1] * 5, 'b': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]})
result = df.nlargest(3, 'a')
expected = pd.DataFrame(
{'a': [1] * 3, 'b': [1, 2, 3]}, index=[0, 1, 2]
)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.nsmallest(3, 'a')
expected = pd.DataFrame({'a': [1] * 3, 'b': [1, 2, 3]})
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
'n, order',
product([1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
[['a', 'b', 'c'],
['c', 'b', 'a'],
['a'],
['b'],
['a', 'b'],
['c', 'b']]))
def test_n_duplicate_index(self, df_duplicates, n, order):
# GH 13412
df = df_duplicates
result = df.nsmallest(n, order)
expected = df.sort_values(order).head(n)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
result = df.nlargest(n, order)
expected = df.sort_values(order, ascending=False).head(n)
tm.assert_frame_equal(result, expected)
def test_series_broadcasting(self):
# smoke test for numpy warnings
# GH 16378, GH 16306
df = DataFrame([1.0, 1.0, 1.0])
df_nan = DataFrame({'A': [np.nan, 2.0, np.nan]})
s = Series([1, 1, 1])
s_nan = Series([np.nan, np.nan, 1])
with tm.assert_produces_warning(None):
df_nan.clip_lower(s, axis=0)
for op in ['lt', 'le', 'gt', 'ge', 'eq', 'ne']:
getattr(df, op)(s_nan, axis=0)