#! /usr/bin/python3.6

"""Base16, Base32, Base64 (RFC 3548), Base85 and Ascii85 data encodings"""

# Modified 04-Oct-1995 by Jack Jansen to use binascii module
# Modified 30-Dec-2003 by Barry Warsaw to add full RFC 3548 support
# Modified 22-May-2007 by Guido van Rossum to use bytes everywhere

import re
import struct
import binascii


__all__ = [
    # Legacy interface exports traditional RFC 2045 Base64 encodings
    'encode', 'decode', 'encodebytes', 'decodebytes',
    # Generalized interface for other encodings
    'b64encode', 'b64decode', 'b32encode', 'b32decode',
    'b16encode', 'b16decode',
    # Base85 and Ascii85 encodings
    'b85encode', 'b85decode', 'a85encode', 'a85decode',
    # Standard Base64 encoding
    'standard_b64encode', 'standard_b64decode',
    # Some common Base64 alternatives.  As referenced by RFC 3458, see thread
    # starting at:
    #
    # http://zgp.org/pipermail/p2p-hackers/2001-September/000316.html
    'urlsafe_b64encode', 'urlsafe_b64decode',
    ]


bytes_types = (bytes, bytearray)  # Types acceptable as binary data

def _bytes_from_decode_data(s):
    if isinstance(s, str):
        try:
            return s.encode('ascii')
        except UnicodeEncodeError:
            raise ValueError('string argument should contain only ASCII characters')
    if isinstance(s, bytes_types):
        return s
    try:
        return memoryview(s).tobytes()
    except TypeError:
        raise TypeError("argument should be a bytes-like object or ASCII "
                        "string, not %r" % s.__class__.__name__) from None


# Base64 encoding/decoding uses binascii

def b64encode(s, altchars=None):
    """Encode the bytes-like object s using Base64 and return a bytes object.

    Optional altchars should be a byte string of length 2 which specifies an
    alternative alphabet for the '+' and '/' characters.  This allows an
    application to e.g. generate url or filesystem safe Base64 strings.
    """
    encoded = binascii.b2a_base64(s, newline=False)
    if altchars is not None:
        assert len(altchars) == 2, repr(altchars)
        return encoded.translate(bytes.maketrans(b'+/', altchars))
    return encoded


def b64decode(s, altchars=None, validate=False):
    """Decode the Base64 encoded bytes-like object or ASCII string s.

    Optional altchars must be a bytes-like object or ASCII string of length 2
    which specifies the alternative alphabet used instead of the '+' and '/'
    characters.

    The result is returned as a bytes object.  A binascii.Error is raised if
    s is incorrectly padded.

    If validate is False (the default), characters that are neither in the
    normal base-64 alphabet nor the alternative alphabet are discarded prior
    to the padding check.  If validate is True, these non-alphabet characters
    in the input result in a binascii.Error.
    """
    s = _bytes_from_decode_data(s)
    if altchars is not None:
        altchars = _bytes_from_decode_data(altchars)
        assert len(altchars) == 2, repr(altchars)
        s = s.translate(bytes.maketrans(altchars, b'+/'))
    if validate and not re.match(b'^[A-Za-z0-9+/]*={0,2}$', s):
        raise binascii.Error('Non-base64 digit found')
    return binascii.a2b_base64(s)


def standard_b64encode(s):
    """Encode bytes-like object s using the standard Base64 alphabet.

    The result is returned as a bytes object.
    """
    return b64encode(s)

def standard_b64decode(s):
    """Decode bytes encoded with the standard Base64 alphabet.

    Argument s is a bytes-like object or ASCII string to decode.  The result
    is returned as a bytes object.  A binascii.Error is raised if the input
    is incorrectly padded.  Characters that are not in the standard alphabet
    are discarded prior to the padding check.
    """
    return b64decode(s)


_urlsafe_encode_translation = bytes.maketrans(b'+/', b'-_')
_urlsafe_decode_translation = bytes.maketrans(b'-_', b'+/')

def urlsafe_b64encode(s):
    """Encode bytes using the URL- and filesystem-safe Base64 alphabet.

    Argument s is a bytes-like object to encode.  The result is returned as a
    bytes object.  The alphabet uses '-' instead of '+' and '_' instead of
    '/'.
    """
    return b64encode(s).translate(_urlsafe_encode_translation)

def urlsafe_b64decode(s):
    """Decode bytes using the URL- and filesystem-safe Base64 alphabet.

    Argument s is a bytes-like object or ASCII string to decode.  The result
    is returned as a bytes object.  A binascii.Error is raised if the input
    is incorrectly padded.  Characters that are not in the URL-safe base-64
    alphabet, and are not a plus '+' or slash '/', are discarded prior to the
    padding check.

    The alphabet uses '-' instead of '+' and '_' instead of '/'.
    """
    s = _bytes_from_decode_data(s)
    s = s.translate(_urlsafe_decode_translation)
    return b64decode(s)



# Base32 encoding/decoding must be done in Python
_b32alphabet = b'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ234567'
_b32tab2 = None
_b32rev = None

def b32encode(s):
    """Encode the bytes-like object s using Base32 and return a bytes object.
    """
    global _b32tab2
    # Delay the initialization of the table to not waste memory
    # if the function is never called
    if _b32tab2 is None:
        b32tab = [bytes((i,)) for i in _b32alphabet]
        _b32tab2 = [a + b for a in b32tab for b in b32tab]
        b32tab = None

    if not isinstance(s, bytes_types):
        s = memoryview(s).tobytes()
    leftover = len(s) % 5
    # Pad the last quantum with zero bits if necessary
    if leftover:
        s = s + b'\0' * (5 - leftover)  # Don't use += !
    encoded = bytearray()
    from_bytes = int.from_bytes
    b32tab2 = _b32tab2
    for i in range(0, len(s), 5):
        c = from_bytes(s[i: i + 5], 'big')
        encoded += (b32tab2[c >> 30] +           # bits 1 - 10
                    b32tab2[(c >> 20) & 0x3ff] + # bits 11 - 20
                    b32tab2[(c >> 10) & 0x3ff] + # bits 21 - 30
                    b32tab2[c & 0x3ff]           # bits 31 - 40
                   )
    # Adjust for any leftover partial quanta
    if leftover == 1:
        encoded[-6:] = b'======'
    elif leftover == 2:
        encoded[-4:] = b'===='
    elif leftover == 3:
        encoded[-3:] = b'==='
    elif leftover == 4:
        encoded[-1:] = b'='
    return bytes(encoded)

def b32decode(s, casefold=False, map01=None):
    """Decode the Base32 encoded bytes-like object or ASCII string s.

    Optional casefold is a flag specifying whether a lowercase alphabet is
    acceptable as input.  For security purposes, the default is False.

    RFC 3548 allows for optional mapping of the digit 0 (zero) to the
    letter O (oh), and for optional mapping of the digit 1 (one) to
    either the letter I (eye) or letter L (el).  The optional argument
    map01 when not None, specifies which letter the digit 1 should be
    mapped to (when map01 is not None, the digit 0 is always mapped to
    the letter O).  For security purposes the default is None, so that
    0 and 1 are not allowed in the input.

    The result is returned as a bytes object.  A binascii.Error is raised if
    the input is incorrectly padded or if there are non-alphabet
    characters present in the input.
    """
    global _b32rev
    # Delay the initialization of the table to not waste memory
    # if the function is never called
    if _b32rev is None:
        _b32rev = {v: k for k, v in enumerate(_b32alphabet)}
    s = _bytes_from_decode_data(s)
    if len(s) % 8:
        raise binascii.Error('Incorrect padding')
    # Handle section 2.4 zero and one mapping.  The flag map01 will be either
    # False, or the character to map the digit 1 (one) to.  It should be
    # either L (el) or I (eye).
    if map01 is not None:
        map01 = _bytes_from_decode_data(map01)
        assert len(map01) == 1, repr(map01)
        s = s.translate(bytes.maketrans(b'01', b'O' + map01))
    if casefold:
        s = s.upper()
    # Strip off pad characters from the right.  We need to count the pad
    # characters because this will tell us how many null bytes to remove from
    # the end of the decoded string.
    l = len(s)
    s = s.rstrip(b'=')
    padchars = l - len(s)
    # Now decode the full quanta
    decoded = bytearray()
    b32rev = _b32rev
    for i in range(0, len(s), 8):
        quanta = s[i: i + 8]
        acc = 0
        try:
            for c in quanta:
                acc = (acc << 5) + b32rev[c]
        except KeyError:
            raise binascii.Error('Non-base32 digit found') from None
        decoded += acc.to_bytes(5, 'big')
    # Process the last, partial quanta
    if padchars:
        acc <<= 5 * padchars
        last = acc.to_bytes(5, 'big')
        if padchars == 1:
            decoded[-5:] = last[:-1]
        elif padchars == 3:
            decoded[-5:] = last[:-2]
        elif padchars == 4:
            decoded[-5:] = last[:-3]
        elif padchars == 6:
            decoded[-5:] = last[:-4]
        else:
            raise binascii.Error('Incorrect padding')
    return bytes(decoded)



# RFC 3548, Base 16 Alphabet specifies uppercase, but hexlify() returns
# lowercase.  The RFC also recommends against accepting input case
# insensitively.
def b16encode(s):
    """Encode the bytes-like object s using Base16 and return a bytes object.
    """
    return binascii.hexlify(s).upper()


def b16decode(s, casefold=False):
    """Decode the Base16 encoded bytes-like object or ASCII string s.

    Optional casefold is a flag specifying whether a lowercase alphabet is
    acceptable as input.  For security purposes, the default is False.

    The result is returned as a bytes object.  A binascii.Error is raised if
    s is incorrectly padded or if there are non-alphabet characters present
    in the input.
    """
    s = _bytes_from_decode_data(s)
    if casefold:
        s = s.upper()
    if re.search(b'[^0-9A-F]', s):
        raise binascii.Error('Non-base16 digit found')
    return binascii.unhexlify(s)

#
# Ascii85 encoding/decoding
#

_a85chars = None
_a85chars2 = None
_A85START = b"<~"
_A85END = b"~>"

def _85encode(b, chars, chars2, pad=False, foldnuls=False, foldspaces=False):
    # Helper function for a85encode and b85encode
    if not isinstance(b, bytes_types):
        b = memoryview(b).tobytes()

    padding = (-len(b)) % 4
    if padding:
        b = b + b'\0' * padding
    words = struct.Struct('!%dI' % (len(b) // 4)).unpack(b)

    chunks = [b'z' if foldnuls and not word else
              b'y' if foldspaces and word == 0x20202020 else
              (chars2[word // 614125] +
               chars2[word // 85 % 7225] +
               chars[word % 85])
              for word in words]

    if padding and not pad:
        if chunks[-1] == b'z':
            chunks[-1] = chars[0] * 5
        chunks[-1] = chunks[-1][:-padding]

    return b''.join(chunks)

def a85encode(b, *, foldspaces=False, wrapcol=0, pad=False, adobe=False):
    """Encode bytes-like object b using Ascii85 and return a bytes object.

    foldspaces is an optional flag that uses the special short sequence 'y'
    instead of 4 consecutive spaces (ASCII 0x20) as supported by 'btoa'. This
    feature is not supported by the "standard" Adobe encoding.

    wrapcol controls whether the output should have newline (b'\\n') characters
    added to it. If this is non-zero, each output line will be at most this
    many characters long.

    pad controls whether the input is padded to a multiple of 4 before
    encoding. Note that the btoa implementation always pads.

    adobe controls whether the encoded byte sequence is framed with <~ and ~>,
    which is used by the Adobe implementation.
    """
    global _a85chars, _a85chars2
    # Delay the initialization of tables to not waste memory
    # if the function is never called
    if _a85chars is None:
        _a85chars = [bytes((i,)) for i in range(33, 118)]
        _a85chars2 = [(a + b) for a in _a85chars for b in _a85chars]

    result = _85encode(b, _a85chars, _a85chars2, pad, True, foldspaces)

    if adobe:
        result = _A85START + result
    if wrapcol:
        wrapcol = max(2 if adobe else 1, wrapcol)
        chunks = [result[i: i + wrapcol]
                  for i in range(0, len(result), wrapcol)]
        if adobe:
            if len(chunks[-1]) + 2 > wrapcol:
                chunks.append(b'')
        result = b'\n'.join(chunks)