class File
  # Write to a file atomically. Useful for situations where you don't
  # want other processes or threads to see half-written files.
  #
  #   File.atomic_write("important.file") do |file|
  #     file.write("hello")
  #   end
  #
  # If your temp directory is not on the same filesystem as the file you're
  # trying to write, you can provide a different temporary directory.
  #
  #   File.atomic_write("/data/something.important", "/data/tmp") do |file|
  #     file.write("hello")
  #   end
  def self.atomic_write(file_name, temp_dir = Dir.tmpdir)
    require 'tempfile' unless defined?(Tempfile)
    require 'fileutils' unless defined?(FileUtils)

    temp_file = Tempfile.new(basename(file_name), temp_dir)
    temp_file.binmode
    yield temp_file
    temp_file.close

    begin
      # Get original file permissions
      old_stat = stat(file_name)
    rescue Errno::ENOENT
      # No old permissions, write a temp file to determine the defaults
      check_name = join(dirname(file_name), ".permissions_check.#{Thread.current.object_id}.#{Process.pid}.#{rand(1000000)}")
      open(check_name, "w") { }
      old_stat = stat(check_name)
      unlink(check_name)
    end

    # Overwrite original file with temp file
    FileUtils.mv(temp_file.path, file_name)

    # Set correct permissions on new file
    begin
      chown(old_stat.uid, old_stat.gid, file_name)
      # This operation will affect filesystem ACL's
      chmod(old_stat.mode, file_name)
    rescue Errno::EPERM
      # Changing file ownership failed, moving on.
    end
  end
end